Current surgical technique and outcomes of laparoendoscopic single-site adrenalectomy

In this paper, we describe the surgical technique, summarize the outcomes of comparative studies, and provide updates on other advanced surgeries in laparoendoscopic single-site (LESS) adrenalectomy. A systemic literature search in the PubMed databases was performed to identify all publications related to LESS adrenalectomy. LESS adrenalectomy performed using transumbilical, transperitoneal subcostal, or retroperitoneal approaches has been demonstrated to be a safe and feasible alternative to conventional laparoscopic adrenalectomy. Its advantages include shorter hospital stay and less pain, although the longer operative time is a concern. Additional well-designed randomized control trials are required. Furthermore, LESS partial adrenalectomy and robotic-assisted single-port adrenalectomy may be the development trends of the future.