苏州和嘉兴地区门诊就诊妇女人工流产现状及影响因素调查

目的　了解苏州和嘉兴地区育龄妇女的人工流产 (人流 )现状及其影响因素 ,为现有的生殖健康服务机构提供生殖健康服务与教育提供依据。　方法　分层抽取江苏省苏州市、浙江省嘉兴市的市、县 (区 )、乡三级不同类别的生殖健康服务机构 1 0 0所。对2 0 0 0年 4～ 9月间就诊的育龄妇女进行自填式问卷调查。　结果　本次共调查了 1 850名育龄妇女 ,自我报告 53 .80 %有人流史 ,人流次数最多的 5次 ,平均 ( 1 .3 6± 0 .65)次 ;2 5.0 0 %有婚前人流史 ,婚前人流次数最多达 5次 ,平均 ( 1 .2 7± 0 .52 )次。性病防治所就诊妇女的人流次数明显高于其他机构就诊的妇女。影响人流次数和婚前人流次数的危险因素分析发现 ,避孕失败、妇女结婚年龄和有阴道炎史是影响人流次数和婚前人流次数的共同因素 ,多性伴、初次性行为年龄小 ,有性病病史、生殖道感染相关知识少等是人流次数的危险因素。　结论　两地区不同类别的生殖健康服务机构就诊妇女中有较高的人流率 ,妇女年龄、避孕失败、生殖道感染史、初次性行为年龄小以及相关知识得分等是影响妇女人流的主要危险因素。

An investigation of the induced abortion status and relative risk factors among the female clients in various reproductive health service settings in the Suzhou and Jiaxing areas of China

Objective: (1) To describe the status of the induced abortion and risk factors associated with abortion among female clients in various reproductive health service settings; (2) To find out evidences for providing comprehensive reproductive health service and education in various service settings for childbearing women in China. Method: 100 reproductive health service settings in different types were selected from Suzhou City of Jiangsu Province and Jiaxing City of Zhejiang Province. Totally, 1 850 female clients were studied with self administered questionnaires during April to September, 2000. Results: 1 850 questionnaires were analyzed totally. The self reported rates of induced abortion history in life time and in pre marriage were 53.8% and 25.0% with an average number of (1.36±0.65) and (1.27±0.52) abortions respectively. The maximal number of abortions in life time and in pre marriage was 5 for both. Female clients with more times of abortion were found in the clinics of sexually transmitted disease prevention and treatment when compared with other reproductive health service settings. Risk factors which have been significant for the number of abortion were the contraceptive failure, marital age, history of genital tract infection and venereal diseases ,multi sexual partners, and the younger age starting sexual behavior, etc. Conclusion: There were higher rates of induced abortion among the female clients in the various reproductive health service settings. The main risk factors were age of female clients, fail of contraceptive methods, reproductive tract infection history, debut of sex behavior at the younger age and low related knowledge scores. It is important and necessary to provide comprehensive reproductive health service and related education in various service settings for childbearing women while they visit those settings.