Evolution and current applications of the Cabrol procedure and its modifications

Operations on the proximal aorta for aneurysms and dissections almost invariably involve the use of an aortic conduit. The optimal method for safe and effective conduit to the coronary anastomosis has been a matter for debate. Although the modified Bentall procedure with use of ostial aortic "buttons" may provide superior results and currently constitutes the standard of care for aortic root reconstruction, anatomic difficulties such as the closeness of the ostia to the aortic annulus, extreme aortic dilatation/calcification, and reoperations, may hinder the safe and tension-free conduit to the coronary anastomosis. In this technical review we examine the evolution of the Cabrol technique and its modifications, as well as its current indications and related outcomes.