乙型肝炎免疫球蛋白对阻断乙型肝炎病毒母婴传播的疗效和安全性研究

目的：采用乙型肝炎（乙肝）免疫球蛋白（ HBIG）对乙肝病毒（ HBV）阻断母婴传播,探讨其效果及安全性。方法：110例确诊为HBV携带者的产妇按照自愿原则均分为2组,观察组孕28周注射HBIG,对照组不注射,比较新生儿乙肝表面抗原（ HBsAg）的阳性检出率,以及所有新生儿经过6个月的治疗乙肝表面抗体（ HBsAb）的检出率。结果：经过阻断治疗,观察组患者所产新生儿的HBsAg阳性检出率为9.09%,对照组患者所产新生儿的HBsAg阳性检出率为34.55%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。所有新生儿中经过6个月的治疗后HBsAb检出率为64.55%,明显优于出生1个月的22.72%（P〈0.01）,并且在治疗期间孕妇及新生儿均未出现不良反应。结论：HBIG在阻断HBV在母婴之间的传播具有非常显著的疗效,并且在安全性方面也有一定的保障,可以应用于临床。

Efficacy and safety of hepatitis B immunoglobulin in blocking the hepatitis B virus transmission in mother-to-child

Objective：To discuss the efficacy and safety of hepatitis B immunoglobulin（HBIG） in blocking the hepatitis B virus （ HBV） transmission in mother-to-infant. Methods：One hundred and ten HBV puerperal carriers were divided into the observation group and control group on voluntary basis（55 cases each group）. The observation group were injected with HBIG at 28 gestational weeks,and the control group did not be injected. The detection rates of hepatitis B surface antigen（ HBsAg） in newborns and hepatitis B surface antibody（ HBsAb） in newborns after 6-month treatment between two groups were compared. Results：The detection rates of newborns HBsAg in observation group and control group were 9. 09% and 34. 55%,respectively,the difference of which was statistical significance（P〈0. 01）. The detection rate of HBsAb in newborns after 6-month treatment（64. 55%） was significantly better than that in 1-month newborns（22. 72%） （P 〈0. 01）,and there were not significant adverse reactions in pregnant woman and newborn. Conclusions：HBIG in blocking the HBV transmission in mother-to-infant is effective and safe,which can be applied in clinic.