锌和微量营养素对儿童智能和生长发育的影响

方法：试验分为三组：单纯补锌组（Ｚ），同时补锌＋微量营养素组（Ｚ＋Ｍ），补微量营养素组（Ｍ）。结果：试验前发锌平均含量为２．２８±０．７４μｍｏｌ／ｇ，低于正常值下限共２４人，占受试总人数的２２．２２％。发锌含量与智商呈显著正相关（ｒ＝０．２２９，Ｐ＜０．０５，ｎ＝１０８）。补充试验后三个组发锌变化无显著性差别。Ｚ＋Ｍ组和Ｍ组智商，认知功能的改善好于Ｚ组，Ｚ＋Ｍ组和Ｍ组的差别无统计学意义。膝高的增长值Ｚ＋Ｍ组高于Ｍ组和Ｚ组，Ｍ组高于Ｚ组。结论：受试儿童中锌缺乏并不占主要地位，其他微量营养素的缺乏更应受到重视。同时补充锌和微量营养素可以改善儿童的智能发育，并能促进体格发育。

TX THE EFFECTS OF ZINC AND MICRO NUTRIENTS ON INTELLIGENCE AND GROWTH IN CHILDREN

Before　and　after　zinc　and　micro nutrients　supplement　the　changes　of　intelligence　and　growth　in 108 healthy　children　aged　7-8yrs　were　studied.The　children　were　randomly　divided　into 3 groups:zinc　supplement(Z),zinc+micro nutrients　supplement(Z+M),and　micro-nutrients　supplement(M).Before　the　supplements,hair　Zn　content　of　children　was 2.28±0.74μmol/g　and 22.22%　of　the　hair　Zn　content　was　lower　than　1.69μmol/g.　There　was　a　positive　correlation　between　intelligence　quotient(IQ)　and　hair　Zn　content.After　supplement,there　were　no　significant　changes　among　the 3 groups　on　hair　Zn　content.The　changes　of　IQ　and　cognition　in　Z+M　group　and　M　group　were　significantly　higher　than　Z　group,and　there　was　no　significant　difference　between　Z+M　group　and　M　group.The　change　of　knee　height　in　Z+M　group　was　markedly　higher　than　M　group　and　Z　group,while　M　group　was　significantly　higher　than　Z　group. The　results　demonstrated　that　zinc　deficiency　might　not　be　the　main　factor　that　affects　the　intelligence　and　growth　of　children,perhaps　other　micro nutrients　deficiency　should　be　paid　more　attention.The　simultaneous　supplement　of　zinc　and　micro nutrients　may　promote　the　intelligence　and　growth　of　children.