Greater Visceral Fat but No Difference in Measures of Total Body Fat in Ambulatory Children With Spastic Cerebral Palsy Compared to Typically Developing Children |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA;2. Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA;3. Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA;4. Department of Orthopedics, Nemours AI duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA;1. Department of Rheumatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea;2. Clinical Trial Center, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, South Korea;3. Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, South Korea;1. Orthopaedic Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands;2. Department of Surgery, VieCuri Medical Centre, Venlo, the Netherlands;3. NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands;4. Department of Internal Medicine, Subdivision of Endocrinology, VieCuri Medical Centre, Venlo, the Netherlands;5. Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands;6. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Research School CAPHRI, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands;7. Faculty of Medicine, Hasselt University, Belgium;8. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, VieCuri Medical Centre, Venlo, the Netherlands;9. Department of Surgery and Trauma Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands;1. The James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom;2. Musculoskeletal Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom;3. Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom;1. New Mexico Clinical Research & Osteoporosis Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA;2. University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Aurora, CO, USA |
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| Abstract: | Background: Individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) are at increased risk for obesity and obesity-related complications. Studies of total body fat in those with CP are inconsistent and studies of abdominal fat are lacking in children with CP. The objective of this study was to determine if ambulatory children with spastic CP have greater central adiposity compared to typically developing children. Methodology: Eighteen ambulatory children with spastic CP (n = 5 girls; 8.6 ± 2.9 yr) and 18 age-, sex-, and race-matched typically developing children (controls; 8.9 ± 2.1 yr) participated in this cross-sectional study. Children with CP were classified as I or II using the Gross Motor Function Classification System. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry assessed body composition, including total body, trunk and abdominal fat mass, fat-free mass, fat mass index (FMI), and fat-free mass index (FFMI). Results: There were no group differences in fat mass, fat-free mass, FMI, and FFMI in the total body, fat mass, fat-free mass, and FFMI in the trunk, or fat mass, visceral fat mass, and subcutaneous fat mass in the abdomen (p > 0.05). Compared to controls, children with CP had higher trunk FMI, abdominal FMI, and visceral FMI (p < 0.05). Although marginally insignificant (p = 0.088), children with CP had higher subcutaneous FMI. Conclusions: Ambulatory children with spastic CP have elevated central adiposity, especially in the visceral region, despite no differences in measures of total body fat. How this relates to cardiometabolic disease progression in those with CP requires further investigation. |
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