血液透析患者动静脉内瘘使用中失功的原因分析和临床护理

目的 探讨血液透析患者动静脉内瘘使用中失功的原因分析和临床护理。方法随机选取2012年6月—2014年6月该院收治的80例血液透析患者作为研究对象,按照数字法分为对照组和观察组,每组40例,对照组患者给予常规护理。观察组依照调研得来的真实状态,选取带有针对特性的护理方式。比较两组患者动静脉内瘘使用中出现功能下降或丧失情况。结果血液透析患者动静脉内瘘使用中出现功能下降或丧失是由多种原因引起的,其中,在低血压、过早使用动静脉瘘、穿刺不当、护理不当及自我保护意识差等原因中,对照组分别为9（22.5）、1（2.50）、8（20.0）、1（2.50）、3（7.50）,观察组分别为3（7.50）、0（0.00）、2（5.0）、0（0.00）、0（0.00）,观察组患者动静脉内瘘使用中出现丧失或下降的几率显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论在给患者进行血液透析的过程中,护理人员应尽量预设针对特性的护理途径,以便改善原初的治疗成效,保障患者安全,提升原有的生活质量。

Analysis of the Causes of Dysfunction of Internal Arteriovenous Fistula in Patients with Hemodialysis and the Corresponding Clinical Nursing

Objective To investigate and analyze the reasons that cause the dysfunction of internal arteriovenous fistula in patients with hemodialysis and the corresponding clinical nursing. Methods 80 patients with hemodialysis admitted in our hospital from June 2012 to June 2014 were randomly selected as the subjects and divided into the control group and the observation group in accordance with the digital method with 40 patients in each. The control group were given the conventional nursing, and the observation group were given the targeted nursing mode based on the investigated true status of the patients. And the dysfunction or loss of internal arteriovenous fistula was compared between the two groups. Results The dysfunction or loss of internal arteriovenous fistula in patients with hemodialysis is caused by many reasons, such as hypotension, use of internal arteriovenous fistula too early,improper puncture, inappropriate care, poor self-protection awareness and so on. In the control group, 9 cases（22.5%） had hypotension,1 case（2.50%） used internal arteriovenous fistula too early, 8 cases（20.0%） were punctured improperly, 1 case（2.50%） was cared inappropriately, 3 cases（7.50%） had poor self-protection awareness; in the observation group, 3 cases（7.50%） had hypotension, 0case（0.00%） used internal arteriovenous fistula too early, 2 cases（5.0%） were punctured improperly, 0 case（0.00%） was cared inappropriately, 0 case（0.00%） had poor self-protection awareness. The probability of dysfunction or loss of internal arteriovenous fistula of the observation group was obviously lower than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant（P0.05）.Conclusion For patients with hemodialysis, nursing staff should preset the targeted nursing as far as possible so as to improve the treatment effect, ensure the safety and enhance the quality of life of the patients.