自我管理教育对维持性血液透析者血压及容量状况的影响

目的 探讨自我管理教育在维持性血液透析者血压及容量控制中的作用.方法 选择2012年2月至2013年2月在我院行维持性血液透析且合并高血压的患者56例,其中男31例,女25例,年龄29 ～ 75岁,平均（59±6）岁.在常规护理的基础上,以自我管理模式理论为指导,对患者进行疾病知识和管理技能培训,观察患者干预前与干预后3个月时血压及容量变化.采用t检验进行数据统计.结果 进行自我管理教育3个月后,患者血压及容量控制水平较干预前显著提高,体质量增长量及降压药物应用均有所下降,差异统计学意义（均P＜0.05）.结论 自我管理教育能有效提高维持性血液透析者的健康行为和自我管理能力,有效控制患者血压,改善患者容量状况.

Impacts of self-management education on blood pressure and volume control of patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis

Objective To explore the effects of self-management education on blood pressure control and volume among adult patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.Methods Fifty-six adult patients who received hemodialysis during February 2012 and February 2013 in our hospital were enrolled in this study （male 31,female 25,age 29 to 75 years old,mean age （59± 6） years old）.Besides routine health care,all the participants were educated for health knowledge and disease management skills.Blood pressure and volume were compared before and 3 months after intervention.Student＇ s t test was used for data analysis.Results Blood pressure and volume control were improved after 3 months＇ self-management.Body weight gain and antihypertensive medication dose were declined （all P ＜ 0.05）.Conclusion Self-management could effectively improve health behaviors of patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis,significantly increase patients＇ self-management ability,and effectively control blood pressure and volume load.