The Pennsylvania State University, USA;Wayne State University, USA;Indiana University of Pennsylvania, USA
Abstract:
Volunteer chronic fingernail biters participated in a behavioral self-control program that employed self-monitoring, self-punishment, and self-reward techniques. Gains in nail length and improved cosmetic appearance persisted through a follow-up evaluation. Although the comprehensive self-control program appears to be highly effective, the relative efficacy of individual treatment components was not clearly established.