首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
     


Body fat distribution in relation to smoking and exogenous hormones in British women
Authors:See Kwok  Dexter Canoy  Handrean Soran  David W. Ashton  Gordon D. O. Lowe  David Wood  Stephen E. Humphries  Paul N. Durrington
Affiliation:1. School of Biomedicine, Core Technology Facility;2. School of Community‐Based Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester;3. Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford;4. Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester;5. National Heart & Lung Institute Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College of Science Technology & Medicine, Charing Cross Hospital Cardiology Department, London;6. University of Glasgow, Department of Medicine, Glasgow Infirmary, Glasgow;7. Centre for Cardiovascular Genetics, Royal Free & University College Medical School, London, UK
Abstract:Objective Both cigarette smoking and use of exogenous hormones are associated with changes in regional distribution of body fat, but their combined effects are less investigated. We examined the interrelation between smoking, exogenous hormones and fat distribution in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Method We used data from 20 962 women without known cardiovascular disease (CVD) who were employees of a major department store in Britain. They completed a health questionnaire and attended a clinical examination that included waist and hip circumference measurements. The cross‐sectional analyses were conducted using linear regression models. Results Cigarette smoking, particularly smoking ≥20 cigarettes/day, was associated with larger waist circumference and higher waist/hip ratio (WHR) in pre‐ and postmenopausal women after adjusting for potential confounding factors (all P < 0·001). Premenopausal women using combined oral contraceptive (COC) and postmenopausal women using oestrogen‐only hormone replacement therapy (HRT) had lower WHR than non‐hormone users in both smokers and nonsmokers. However, smokers had higher WHR than nonsmokers in both groups of hormone users and nonusers. There was no significant interaction between smoking and hormone use in premenopausal and postmenopausal women (P > 0·05). Conclusion Although exogenous hormones use was related to a more favourable fat distribution in women, smoking was associated with greater abdominal fat accumulation.
Keywords:
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号