肌萎缩侧索硬化症4类动物模型建立的研究进展

目的肌萎缩侧索硬化症是选择性侵犯上、下运动神经元的慢性进行性变性疾病,其病因及发病机制一直未能完全明确,其研究多借助于动物模型,目前肌萎缩侧索硬化症动物模型的建立有多种方法,其各自的特点、实用性及价值有所不同.资料来源应用计算机检索Medline数据库1980-01/2003-12期间的相关文章,应用题名检索,检索词"amyotrophiclateral sclerosis,model",限定文章语言种类为英文.资料选择对资料进行初审,选取以肌萎缩侧索硬化症动物模型研究为主的文献,然后筛除应用肌萎缩侧索硬化症动物模型进行药物疗效观察与发病机制研究的文献,对剩余的文献开始查找全文作为纳入标准.资料提炼共收集到96篇以"amyotrophiclateralsclerosis,model"为题名检索的文献,15个试验符合纳入标准.排除的81篇试验中,75篇为应用肌萎缩侧索硬化症模型药物疗效观察与发病机制的研究文献,6篇为重复性试验的研究,资料综合选入文献建立了肌萎缩侧索硬化症疾病的神经毒性动物模型、免疫介导的动物模型、自然发病动物模型、转基因动物模型,并对模型建立机制、特点、实用性及其价值进行研究.结论上述文献中模拟肌萎缩侧索硬化症疾病症状或发病机制动物模型的建立,能够作为肌萎缩侧索硬化症疾病研究的参考模型,为肌萎缩侧索硬化症发病机制的研究及治疗方案的确定提供了动物实验学基础.

Advance in the establishment of four animal models for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

OBJECTIVE: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS) is a chronic progressive degenerative disease selectively infringing upper and lower motoneurons, and its pathogeny and pathogenesis are unclear till now. Its researches are mainly relying on animal models. Currently, there are many methods for the establishment of ALS animal.model and each of them has its own characters,practicability and values.DATA SOURCES: Relative articles during the period from January 1980 to December 2003 were searched on the Medline database by the title of the article with the searching word "amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, model" and the language of the articles was limited to English.STUDY SELECTION: Data were preliminarily screened for the selection of the literatures mainly regarding the researches of ALS animal models; and then literatures regarding the application of ALS animal model in medication effectiveness and pathogenesis were eliminated; the full texts of the rest literatures were searched as inclusive criteria.DATA EXTRACTION: Totally 96articles searched with "amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, model" in title were collected. Fifteen tests were in accordance with the inclusive criteria. In the eliminated 81 tests, 75 literatures were about the researches on the application of ALS model for medication observation and pathogenesis research, and the rest 6 articles were repetitive experiments.DATA SYNTHESIS: ALS neurotoxic animal model, immune mediated animal model, spontaneous animal model, and transgenic animal model were established in the selected literatures, which also investigated the mechanism, features, practicability and value of the animal model.CONCLUSION: The establishment of animal models simulated ALS symptoms or pathogenesis in the above literatures can be used in ALS disease researches as referencing model, which could provide animal experimental basis for the researches of ALS pathogenesis and the confirmation of therapy plan.