Microvascular complications and the diabetic pregnancy

Without strict glycemic control, diabetic pregnancies are frequently complicated by spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, or congenital malformation. Retrospective studies have been largely reassuring that pregnancy does not accelerate morbid outcomes in women with diabetic vascular disease. Improved outcomes of highrisk pregnancy in women with pregestational, type 1, or type 2 diabetes mellitus remain challenging, depending on a comprehensive and multidisciplinary team approach and extensive preconception counseling.