含镉粉尘治理前后工人尿镉与血镉水平分析

目的 分析某锌粉加工厂含镉粉尘治理前后作业工人尿镉、血镉和尿β2-微球蛋白的变化.方法 对锌粉加工厂粉尘进行治理,对粉尘治理前后84名镉作业工人尿镉、血镉、β2-微球蛋白水平进行自身对照分析.结果 治理后,作业场所锌尘几何均数由3.38mg/m3降至2.22mg/m3,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).治理前调查对象的血镉、尿镉几何均数浓度血镉(2.19±1.19)μg/L,尿镉(1.96±0.74)μg/gCr]明显高于治理后1年(1.63±0.83)μg/L,(1.25±0.83)μg/g Cr]和治理后2年(1.36±0.95)μg/L,(0.94±0.72)μg/g Cr],差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).治理前及治理后1年、2年接触工人尿镉与血镉浓度作相关分析,r=0.466,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 粉尘治理能降低低浓度镉作业工人的血镉、尿镉水平,对防止镉中毒效果明显.

Analysis of urine cadmium and blood cadmium of workers before and after the cadmium dust control

Objective To analyze the urinary cadmium, blood cadmium and urinary β2-MG of workers in a zinc powder processing plant before and after the cadmium dust control, and to explore the effects of dust control on the prevention and treatment of cadmium hazards.Methods The on-site occupational hazard survey was used to investigate the changes of urine cadmium, blood cadmium and 32-MG of 84 workers exposed to cadmium before and after the treatment by self-control analysis for evaluating the effects of dust control measures in a zinc powder processing plant.Results After treatment of the cadmium dust, the geometric mean of zinc dust in the workplace significantly decreased from 3.38 mg/m3 to 2.2 2mg/m3 (P＜0.01).The geometric mean concentration of blood cadmium (2.19±1.19) μg/L] and urine cadmium (1.96±0.74) μg/g Cr] before treatment were significantly higher than those of one year (1.63±0.83) μg/L] and (1.25±0.83) μg/g Cr] and two years ( 1.36±0.95) μg/L] and (0.94±0.72) μg/g Cr] after the cadmium dust control (P＜0.01), respectively.The positive correlations analysis between urine cadmium and blood cadmium concentration of one and two years before and afterthe cadmium dust treatment implied that there was significant difference ( r=0.466, P＜0.01).Conclusion Dust treatment could reduce the impact of low concentration cadmium on the urine cadmium and blood cadmium concentrations of the workers exposed to cadmium, and effectively prevent the cadmium poisoning.