广州市六榕社区居民慢性病患病现况及知信行调查

目的了解广州市六榕社区居民慢性病的患病现况以及居民的知信行情况，为制定有效的社区慢性病防治措施提供科学依据。方法资料来自2009年进行的“广州市社区卫生诊断”入户调查工作中六榕社区的调查数据。在广州市六榕社区随机抽取8个居委会，每个居委会随机抽取100户进行问卷调查，调查内容包括一般人口学特征与家庭一般状况、慢性疾病与行为危险因素状况、相关疾病情况等，其中知信行部分由15岁及以上人群作答。结果共调查居民2252人，其中男性l090人，女性1162人，年龄12～85岁。居民慢性病患病率为30．91％（696／2252），标化患病率为22．83％，其中≥65岁居民的慢性病患病率为71．95％（413／574），标化患病率为54．08％；随着年龄的增加，慢性病患病率呈上升趋势（P〈0．01）。患病率居前5位的慢性病分别为：高血压19．63％（442／2252）、糖尿病6．08％（137／2252）、冠心病2．40％（54／2252）、高血脂1．82％（41／2252）、脑卒中1．55％（35／2252）。15岁及以上人群的知信行调查结果显示：慢性病患者与非慢性病患者在社区参加卫生知识讲座的行为率分别为16．67％（115／690）、8．84％（118／1335），差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；慢性病患者的高血压相关知识知晓率均高于非慢性病患者（均P〈0．01）；慢性病患者的自我血压知晓率、自我监测与经常主动获取保健知识的行为率均高于非慢性病患者（P〈0．01）；非慢性病患者的吸烟率与不参加运动行为率均高于慢性病患者，而戒烟率则明显低于慢性病患者，差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0．01）。结论广州市六榕社区居民的慢性病患病率较高，且慢性病患者患病后才注重控制危险因素。今后应把慢性病防控对象扩大到健康人群范围，提高全人群的慢性病防控意识。

Prevalence,knowledge, attitudes,and practices of chronic diseases among residents in Liurong Community,Guangzhou City

Objective To investigate prevalence, knowledge, attitudes, and practices （KAP） of chronic diseases among residents in Liurong Community, and to provide scientific basis for developing ef- fective community prevention and control measures of chronic diseases. Methods The data of household survey of Liurong Community were sourced from the Guangzhou Community Health Diagnosis in 2009. One hundred households per resident committee from 8 resident committees in all resident committees of Liurong Community were randomly selected. Residents were interviewed with a standardized questionnaire including demographic characteristics, family status, chronic diseases and behavioral risk factors, and other related diseases. The KAP contents were answered by subjects aged 15 years and over. Results A total of 2 252 people （1 090 males and 1 162 females） aged from 12 to 85 years were investigated. The overall chronic diseases prevalence was 30. 91% （696/2 252） and the standardized prevalence was 22. 83%. Among resi- dents aged 65 and over, the prevalence and standardized prevalence were 71.95% （413/574） and 54.08% , respectively. The trend in the prevalence of chronic diseases was strongly associated with the in-creasing of age （ P 〈0. 01 ）. The top five chronic diseases with high prevalence were ： hypertension （19. 63% ,442/2 252）, diabetes （6.08% , 137/2 252）, coronary heart disease （2.40% , 54/2 252） , hyperlipidemia （1.82%, 41/2 252）, and stroke （1.55% , 35/2 252）. The KAP survey results showed that the rates of behavior for patients with chronic diseases and non-chronic diseases to participating in health knowledge lectures in community were 16. 67% （115/690） and 8.84% （118/1 335 ）, respective- ly, （ P 〈 0. 01 ） ; the awareness rate of hypertension related knowledge of patients with chronic diseases was higher than that of patients with non-chronic diseases （ P 〈 0. 01 ） ; the rates of self-awareness of hyperten- sion, self-monitoring, and behavior often taking the initiative to acquire health knowledge in patients with chronic diseases were higher than those in non-chronic diseases patients （P 〈 0.01 for all）. The rates of behaviors of unhealthy lifestyle such as smoking and lack of physical exercise among patients with non-chro- nic diseases were higher than those among patients chronic ones, while the smoking quit rate was signifi- cantly higher in patients with chronic diseases than that in those with non-chronic diseases （ P 〈 0. 01 for all）. Conclusion There was a high prevalence rate of chronic diseases among residents in Liurong Com- munity. Residents would tend to pay attention to control risk factors after suffering from chronic diseases. The chronic disease prevention and control strategies should be extended to healthy population, and the awareness of whole population should be improved.