四川省北川县擂鼓镇家庭结构试点调查:2008年汶川大地震前后对比

目的:客观对比擂鼓镇2008年汶川大地震前后家庭结构情况并分析探讨其原因。方法:于2012年对四川省北川县擂鼓城乡进行深入到户试点调查,将调查结果与采用同样调查方法的2007年数据(调查点包括擂鼓农村)进行纵向对比分析,另就2012年数据横向对比擂鼓城乡间以及羌汉两族家庭结构情况。结果与结论:此次调查的擂鼓城乡与2007年擂鼓农村户均人口均约为4左右。汶川大地震后(2012年)擂鼓农村家庭的户均人数与地震前(2007年)相比减少了7%;擂鼓农村2007年家庭96%为核心、主干与夫妇家庭,地震后(2012年)这个比例下降至80%,扩大和其它家庭显著增加,类型更趋多元化。擂鼓城镇与农村不分民族来看家庭结构差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。擂鼓农村羌族与汉族对比:家庭规模羌汉差距不大(P>0.05);家庭类型差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),汉族家庭更趋多元化;家庭代际差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),汉族家庭更趋大户型。

An experimental investigation of Leigu town in Beichuan county of Si-chuan province:comparison before and after the 2008 Wenchuan earth-quake

Objective: To objectively compare the family structure in Leigu town before and after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake and analyze its probable causes. Methods: In 2012,we carried out a deep investigation in urban and rural Leigu in Beichuan County of Sichuan Province. The results were vertically compared with 2007's. The latter was obtained by the same methods and also included the information of rural Leigu. Additionally,we horizontally compared the family structure between urban and rural area of Qiang nationality and Han nationality. Results and conclusion: The average population of each family in urban and rural Leigu in this survey,close to the2007's findings of rural Leigu,is about 4. After the Wenchuan earthquake the average population in each family in rural Leigu decreased by 7% compared with 2007's; 96% of the family types are nuclear family,core family and couple family in rural Leigu in 2007,after the earthquake this ratio declines to 80%,with a significant increase in the expansive family and other family types,which show much more diversity. There are no significant differences in family structure between urban and rural Leigu regardless of the ethnic( P > 0. 05).Comparison between Qiang nationality and Han nationality in rural Leigu shows that there is no significant difference in family size( P >0. 05),but significant difference in family types( P < 0. 05),with more diverse family types of Han nationality; and the intergenerational differences have statistical significance( P < 0. 05),with a tendency of multi-generation in Han nationality families.