开胸术后患者雾化吸入应用的研究进展

胸外科开胸手术具有时间长、创伤大,需全身麻醉且行气管插管等特点。患者术后因麻醉剂抑制、伤口疼痛、残存肺叶的手术创伤以及上呼吸道正常防御功能减弱等原因,易出现咳嗽、咳痰无力,并发肺炎、肺不张甚至呼吸功能衰竭。雾化吸入有利于患者咳嗽排痰,对预防肺部感染和肺不张具有重要作用,其广泛应用于开胸术后肺部并发症的预防和辅助治疗。现从雾化吸入的方法、特点、用药选择和吸入时间等方面对开胸术后患者雾化吸入技术进行综述。

Research Progress of Atomization Inhalation in Patients of Thoracic Surgery

Thoracic surgery is featured with long surgery time,great trauma,general anesthesia and endotracheal intubation.Due to postoperative narcotic suppression,incision pain,damaged residual lung,and weakened defense of upper respiratory tract,patients is prone to have cough weakness,pneumonia,atelectasis or respiratory failure.Atomization inhalation can help patients dilute sputum and cough,playing an important role in the prevention of lung infection and lung atelectasis,which is widely used post-operation for the prevention of pulmonary complications after thoracotomy.Here is to make a review to discuss the inhalation methods and their characteristics,medication selection,and time management of atomization inhalation.