玉溪市高中生心理健康状况及影响因素调查研究

目的 探讨玉溪市高中生心理健康状况及影响因素.方法 采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)和自制的高中生心理健康影响因素调查表,对885名高中生进行心理测评,将SCL-90各项测评结果与中国青年常模比较,男、女生进行比较,少数民族学生与汉族学生比较,不同年级学生比较.结果 高中生SCL-90各因子分均高于中国青年常模,且均有显著性差异,女生各因子分均高男生,除强迫、偏执、精神病性因子无显著性差异外,其余均有显著性差异;少数民族学生的焦虑、精神病性因子分高于汉族学生,且有显著性差异,其余均无显著性差异.高年级总体得分较低年级高.高中生轻度以上心理障碍的发生率为87.91%,其中中度以上心理障碍的发生率为36.84%,主要存在的心理问题是强迫、人际关系敏感、敌对、抑郁等.影响心理健康的主要因素是学习压力,家庭压力,人际关系障碍等.结论 高中生存在严重的心理健康问题,女生、少数民族学生、高年级学生严重,学校必须加强心理健康教育.

Investigation of Mental Health Level and Influence Factor between Senior High School Students In Yuxi City

Objective To study the mental health level and influence factor between senior high school students in Yuxi city. Methods 885 senior school students were assessed on mental health with SCL-90 and home-made mental health survey form. The results were compared to those in Chinese norm, schoolgirls were compared to schoolboys, minority students were compared to the Han nationality students. Different grads students' subscales were compared. Results The SCL-90 subscales of senior school students were higher than norm, and obvious differences can be seen. Schoolgirls' subscales SCL-90 subscales were higher than schoolboys'. Obvious differences can be seen except compulsion, paranoia, and psychosis subscale. Anxiety and psychosis subscale of minority students were higher than the Han Nationality students. There is no significant difference among others. Above low-grade mentality obstruction happen rate is 87.91 per cents. Mid-grade mentality obstruction happens rate is 36.84 per cents among them. The major mental symptoms were interpersonal sensitivity, hostile, dumps and so on. The major factor of influencing mental health is study pressure, family pressure, and interpersonal obstruction and so on. Conclusion The senior high school students have serious mental health problem, especially girls, minority and high grade students were even more serious. Schools must strengthen mental health education.