肾移植受者出院后自我管理行为与自我效能的相关性研究

目的探讨肾移植受者出院后的自我管理行为、自我效能及两者之间的关系。方法应用《慢性病自我管理研究测量表》中的自我管理行为量表、自我效能量表分别调查203名出院后肾移植受者的自我管理行为和自我效能。结果肾移植受者的自我管理行为中耐力锻炼时间较长,体能锻炼、认知性症状管理实践、与医生的交流得分较低,肾移植患者术后的自我效能较稳定,自我管理行为与自我效能呈显著正相关（P〈001）。结论肾移植受者出院后的自我管理行为需要改善,自我管理行为与自我效能关系密切,可通过健康教育提高患者的自我效能,进而改善其自我管理行为。

The relevance study of self-management behaviors and self-efficacy for out-patients after kidney transplantation

Objective To study the relationship between the self-management behaviors and self-efficacy for out- patients after kidney transplantation. Method Self-management behaviors measuring scale and chronic disease self-efficacy scales were used to investigated self-management behaviors and self-efficacy for 203 patients with kidney transplantation. Result The time spent in aerobic exercise in self-management behaviors among patients with kidney transplantation was 177.86-1-98.29 minutes per week, the average time spent in stretching or strengthening exercises was 27.41±47.61 minutes per week; the average level of cognitive symptom management practice was 1.37± 0.84, communication with physicians was 1.96 ± 0. 93 minutes. Self-efficacy is stable after the operation. There was a positive and significant relationship between self-management behaviors and self-efficacy for patients with kidney transplantation （P〈0.01）. Conclusion Self-management behaviors need to be improved and self-management behavior was related with self-efficacy for patients with kidney transplantation. Health education is benefit for improving self-efficacy and self-management behaviors.