南通市2005-2014年户籍老年人口死因分析

目的 了解南通市65岁以上户籍老年居民死因构成,为老年居民的疾病预防控制工作提供依据。 方法 根据南通市2005-2014年死因监测资料,采用老年系数、粗死亡率、标化死亡率、死因顺位、死因构成等指标来评估65岁以上老年人的死因情况。 结果 2005-2014年南通市老年人口平均粗死亡率为4 513.60/10万,标化死亡率为3 653.08/10万。男性粗死亡率为4 978.98/10万,高于女性的4 122.13/10万(P<0.01)。随着时间的推移,老年人粗死亡率呈逐年上升的趋势(χ²_趋势=596.798,P<0.01)。慢性非传染性疾病的粗死亡率为4 089.76/10万,占全人群死因的90.61%。死因顺位前五位依次是循环系统、肿瘤、呼吸系统、损伤中毒和内分泌系统,粗死亡率分别为1 887.41/10万、1 101.96/10万、788.77/10万、127.98/10万和92.68/10万。 结论 慢性非传染性疾病是导致老年人死亡的主要死因。应加强循环系统、肿瘤等疾病的防控和干预,提高老年人的生存质量。

Death causes of registered permanent elderly residents in Nantong City, 2005-2014

Objective To investigate the death causes of registered permanent elderly residents aged 65 years and above in Nantong City, and to provide a basis for the disease control and prevention of the elderly. Methods According to the death surveillance data in Nantong City from 2005 to 2014, indices like elderly proportion, crude mortality rate, standardized mortality rate and constituent ratio and rank of death causes were used to assess the death causes of the elderly aged 65 years and above. Results The average crude mortality rate and standardized mortality rate of the elderly in Nantong City during 2005-2014 were 4,513.60/100,000 and 3,653.08/100,000 respectively. The crude mortality rate was higher in males than in females (4,978.98/100,000 vs. 4,122.13/100,000, P<0.01). As time goes on, the crude mortality rate of the elderly showed an increasing tendency year by year (χ²_tendency=596.798, P<0.01). The crude mortality rate of chronic non-communicable diseases was 4,089.76/100,000, accounting for 90.61% of the death causes of the whole population. The top five death causes were circulatory system diseases, tumors, respiratory diseases, injury and poisoning, endocrine diseases, with the crude mortality rates of 1,887.41/100,000, 1,101.96/100,000, 788.77/100,000, 127.98/100,000 and 92.68/100,000 respectively. Conclusions Chronic non-communicable disease is the primary death cause of the elderly. It is necessary to strengthen prevention, control and intervention of chronic diseases such as circulatory system diseases and tumors so as to improve the life quality of the elderly.