聚桂醇硬化剂治疗口腔颌面部血管瘤和脉管畸形专家共识

提要] 血管瘤和脉管畸形是一组复杂的来源于脉管系统的疾病。婴幼儿血管瘤以内皮细胞增殖为特征，是最常见的婴幼儿良性肿瘤。脉管畸形是胚胎发育时期脉管系统发育异常所致，超过60%的脉管畸形发生于头颈部。血管瘤和脉管畸形可能引起严重的面部畸形和功能障碍，硬化治疗是其常用的治疗方法。过去常用的硬化剂有平阳霉素、博来霉素、无水乙醇、十四烷基硫酸钠、OK-432、强力霉素、鱼肝油酸钠等。近年来，国产硬化剂聚桂醇被广泛用于血管瘤和脉管畸形的治疗，泡沫化硬化治疗技术的发展推动了其临床应用，其治疗有效性和安全性已被大量研究所证实。为了进一步规范该技术的应用，我们组织专家制定了该专家共识。今后将依据最新出版的文献和临床治疗经验及时更新，为该领域的临床医师提供指导。

Expert consensus on the treatment of oral and maxillofacial hemangiomas and vascular malformations by lauromacrogol sclerotherapy

Summary] Hemangiomas and vascular malformations are a complex group of lesions developed from the vascular system. Infantile hemangiomas are vascular neoplasms due to the proliferation of endothelial cell and are the most common vascular tumours of infancy. Vascular malformations are the results of abnormal development of the vascular system during embryogenesis and more than 60% of them are localized in the head and neck regions. Vascular anomalies may cause severe facial deformity and dysfunction. Sclerotherapy is a commonly used method for the treatment of vascular anomalies. The documented sclerosing agents included pingyangmycin, bleomycin, absolute ethanol, OK-432 (picibanil), doxycycline, sodium tetradecyl sulfate, and ethanolamine oleate. In recent years, a domestic produced sclerosant named polidocanol have been widely used in the treatment of vascular anomalies. The development of foam sclerotherapy technique has promoted its clinical application of lauromacrogol and the efficacy and safety of foam sclerotherapy has been proved by a large number of studies in the treatment of vascular anomalies. In order to standardize the application of these new detergent sclerosants, we established this expert consensus. This protocol will be renewed and updated based on the newest published literatures and clinical experiences, and provide further guidance for clinicians involving in this specialty.