3D打印技术在骨科中的应用进展

骨科医生主要通过X线片、CT和MR等影像学资料进行病情分析和诊断治疗，往往依赖医生的经验，且缺乏立体的视触感。近年来，3D打印技术迅猛发展，其可将患者虚拟的影像迅速转换成三维实体物件，并且可实现材料结构的个性化定制以及与病变部位的解剖学匹配，已广泛应用于骨科疾病的诊断、治疗和康复。另外，三维组装细胞和材料的生物打印技术有望实现骨肌组织的再生修复，具有广阔的应用前景。本文旨在综述3D技术在骨科应用的前沿研究，总结存在的问题，展望未来。

Recent advances of three-dimensional printing technology in orthopaedics

Orthopaedic surgeons mainly use X-ray, CT, and MR imaging data for disease analysis, diagnosis and treatment, which often rely on the experience of doctors and lack of three-dimensional (3D) visual and tactile sense. The 3D printing technology has developed rapidly in recent years, which can quickly convert patient virtual images into threedimensional physical model. It also can build customized personalized structures to fit very specific defects within body. At present, 3D printing technology has been widely used in the diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of orthopedic diseases. In addition, the biological printing technology combining materials and cells may be a possible future for achieving regeneration of musculoskeletal tissue. This article aims to review the advanced research of 3D printing technology in orthopaedics, to summarize the existing problems and look forward to the future.