Characterization of variant gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase produced by pancreatocholangiocarcinoma cell lines in a protein-free, chemically defined medium

Four pancreatocholangiocarcinoma cell lines (HPC-Y1, HPC-YT, MIA PaCa-2, and HChol-Y1) were established to propagate in a protein-free, chemically defined medium. High gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTP) activities were showed in their spent media (designated as the secreted (GGTP). Their GGTP activities in the spent media were 125, 85, 110, and 153 IU/L/mg of lyophilized spent media, whereas GGTP activities extracted from their cancer cell lines with bromelain were 105, 37, 86, and 112 IU/L/1 x 10(6) cells, respectively. The chemical characteristics of the GGTPs in the spent media from these cell lines resembled one of the GGTPs, sialic acid-rich GGTP, extracted from normal human pancreas with bromelain treatment as follows: the GGTPs secreted from the cancer cell lines bound to an anion exchange column moved fast on electrophoresis and then showed decreased electrophoretic mobility with neuraminidase treatment, showed a high affinity for concanavalin A and lentil lectin columns, and had an acidic isoelectric point. However, the elution patterns of erythroagglutinating phytohemagglutinin (E-PHA) column chromatography and thermostability tests demonstrated clear differences between the carcinoma GGTPs both in the spent media and cell lines and the sialic acid-rich GGTP of normal pancreas, namely the carcinoma GGTPs treated with neuraminidase showed affinity to E-PHA columns, and, in addition, the GGTPs in the spent media showed an apparent heat resistance at 56 degrees C. These findings indicate that the carcinoma GGTPs have a different oligosaccharide structure from that in normal pancreatic GGTPs.