磁共振活体示踪经冠状动脉骨髓间充质干细胞移植：验证其与病理组织学结果的一致性*☆

背景：目前动物实验及临床研究证明经冠状动脉移植骨髓间充质干细胞可改善心肌梗死后的心脏功能，但骨髓间充质干细胞经冠状动脉移植后能否到达心肌梗死部位仍存在争议。目的：磁共振活体示踪经冠状动脉注射的骨髓间充质干细胞能否到达心肌梗死部位。方法：全骨髓法分离培养猪骨髓间充质干细胞，超顺磁性氧化铁标记后胰酶消化，调整细胞浓度为1010 L-1。10只猪均建立心肌梗死模型，造模后1周通过OTW球囊导管经冠状动脉将标记好的骨髓间充质干细胞悬液定向移植至梗死区。普鲁士蓝染色评价细胞标记效率，采用快速梯度回波序列完成长轴位四腔心和二腔心扫描，在以长轴位四腔心和二腔心为定位相，垂直于室间隔获得左心室短轴位图像。结果与结论：超顺磁性氧化铁可安全有效标记骨髓间充质干细胞，经冠状动脉注射的骨髓间充质干细胞能到达心肌梗死区及交界区，磁共振能示踪到超顺磁性氧化铁标记的骨髓间充质干细胞，示踪结果与病理组织学检查一致，且磁共振示踪时间可长达5周。

In vivo magnetic resonance imaging tracking of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells via intracoronary administration: Consistency to pathohistological results

BACKGROUND: Recent trials and clinical studies have shown that intracoronary transplantation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) improves cardiac function following acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, whether homing of MSCs into the infarcted myocardium or not is still unknown.OBJECTIVE: To study the homing of MSCs intracoronary administration in porcine myocardial infarction model using in vivo magnetic resonance imaging tracking.METHODS: Porcine MSCs were isolated and cultured by the whole bone marrow method. Following labeling by superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO), MSCs were treated with trypsinization to adjust the concentration at 1010/L. Myocardial infarction was induced in all 10 pigs. At one week after modeling, the labeled MSCs were delivered via intracoronary infusion with standard over-the-wire (OTW) balloon angioplasty catheters. Prussian blue staining was used to evaluate labeling efficiency, and double echo steady state was used to scan four-chamber and cor biloculare at long axis view, which was considered as locating phase to obtain image of left ventricle at short axis view. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: MSCs could be efficiently and safely labeled with SPIO. Intracoronary transplantation of MSCs is able to home the sites of myocardial injury and the border between infarcted and normal tissue. MRI can track SPIO-labeled MSCs delivered through intracoronary and were confirmed on pathology. After 5 weeks the injected labeled cells could still be detected with MRI.