青岛市地方性氟中毒流行病学调查

目的]了解青岛市地方性氟中毒流行现状,指导防治工作。方法]调查平度、莱西、胶州和即墨4市县改水降氟工程运转使用现状、地方性氟中毒病村饮水含氟量、部分病村儿童氟斑牙及成人临床与X射线氟骨症患病情况。结果]4市县共建降氟改水工程526处,使用正常或基本正常占97.3%,停用报废2.1%,改建工程46处。共有地氟病村1005个,已完成改水降氟工程844个(84.0%);有530处饮用水含氟量>1.0mg/L,其中>4.0mg/L的重病村19个,均分布在平度市。8~12岁儿童氟斑牙患病率35.2%,氟斑牙指数0.69;30岁以上成年人1517名,临床及X射线氟骨症检出率平均为15.0%。结论]目前青岛市地方性氟中毒流行仍较严重,应加大防治工作力度。

Epidemiological Investigation of Endemic Fluorosis Control in Qingdao City,Shandong

Objective] To investigate the prevalence of endemic fluorosis for the disease control and prevention in Qingdao city.Methods] Drinking water-improving projects(fluorine reducing engineering),the water fluoride level in endemic villages,dental fluorosis in children and skeletal fluorosis among adults were investigated at Pingdu,Laixi,Jiaozhou and Jimo counties.Results] Totally 526 water-improving projects were reconstituted and 97.3% of them worked normally and 2.1% stopped using,46 projects rebuilt.Totally 844(84.0%)villages were completed in 1 005 villages;Fluoride levels of water in 530 villages were >1.0 mg/L,19 villages(>4.0 mg/L)all in Pingdu.The prevalence was 35.2% and index of dental fluorosis was 0.69 in aged 8-12 years old.Pingdu is the most serious area(the rate was 61.7% and index was 1.34).The prevalence of skeletal fluorosis of X-ray and clinical testing in 1 517 adults(>30 years old)was 15.0%.Conclusion] The endemic fluorosis is still serious disease in Qingdao and the disease control and prevention should be strengthen later.