院内感染铜绿假单胞菌的耐药性

为监测院内感染铜绿假单胞菌的耐药性和评价Ｅ试验法的可靠性及实用性，采用试管双倍稀释法和Ｅ试验法测定６０株院内感染铜绿假单胞菌对多种常用抗生素的ＭＩＣ，并测定Ｅ试验法的重复性和接种菌量对结果的影响。结果头孢他啶亚胺培南、头孢哌酮／舒巴坦、哌拉西林和阿洛林的耐药率约为２０％，喹诺酮类抗生素中，只有左氧氟沙星的耐药率较低（２５％）；头孢曲松和氨曲南耐药率高达７３％，阿米卡星仍较敏感，耐药率为２３．３％，

Resistant rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from nosocomial infections to 14 antibiotics

Objective: To investigate the resistant rates of P.aeruginosa isolated from nosocomial infections to 14 antibiotics and evaluate the applicability of E test. Method: Broth dilution procedures were used to determine the minimal inhibition concentration of 60 strains of P.aeruginosaa isolated from nosocomial infections against 14 antibiotics, 30 strains of which were tested by E test against 7 antibiotics. The effects upon the results of E test were evaluated by observation of the variation upon activity and upon different inoculum size. Results: Ceftazidime, imipenem, cefoperazone/sulbactam, azlocillin and piperacillin had lower resistant rates, which ranged around 20%. Of 4 quinolone drugs, only levofloxacin had lower resistant rates of 25%. The resistant rates of ceftriaxone and aztreonam were more than 70%. Of 3 aminoglycosides, amikacin had higher antibacterial activity with the susceptible rate of 76.7%, but gentamicin and tobramycin had lower sensitivity, 53.3% and 56.7% respectively. The determination of E test MIC values were shown to be reproducible and were only slightly affected by the inoculum size. All testing E test results were almost identical to those of broth dilution test results.