Higher smoking prevalence among United States adults with co-occurring affective and drug use diagnoses |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Psychiatry, Vermont Center on Behavior & Health, University of Vermont, 1 South Prospect Street, SATC-UHC, Burlington, VT 05401, United States;2. Department of Psychological Science, Vermont Center on Behavior & Health, University of Vermont, 1 South Prospect Street, SATC-UHC, Burlington, VT 05401, United States;1. RAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, PO Box 2138, Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138, United States of America;2. RAND Corporation, 4570 Fifth Avenue, Suite 600, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-2665, United States of America;1. Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA;2. School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia;3. WV Prevention Research Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA;4. Department of Behavioral Medicine and Psychiatry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA;5. Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA;1. Department of Health Professions, Hofstra University, 220 Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY 11549-2200, USA;2. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning & Evaluation, US Department of Health & Human Services, USA;3. Department of Health Services Administration, University of Maryland, USA;4. College of Arts and Sciences, Stony Brook University, USA;1. University of Rhode Island, USA;2. University of North Texas, USA;3. University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA;1. UTHealth School of Public Health, 1616 Guadalupe, Suite 6.300, Austin, TX 78701, USA;2. Department of Kinesiology & Health Education, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station D3700, Austin, TX 78712, USA;1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, 3811 O''Hara St., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;2. Department of Psychology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottowa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada;3. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, 2608 Erwin Road, Pavilion East, Suite 300, Durham, NC 27705, USA;4. Department of Psychological Science, University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Ave., Burlington, VT 05405, USA;5. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ohio State University, 395E McCampbell Hall, 1581 Dodd Dr., Columbus, OH 43210, USA;6. Division of Child Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal Children''s Hospital, 1001 Décarie Boulevard, A04.4205, Montréal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada;7. Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, 3 Harvey Court, Irvine, CA 92617, USA;8. Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, 3811 O''Hara St., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA |
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| Abstract: | IntroductionIndividuals with drug use disorders or affective disorders have higher cigarette smoking prevalence and smoking intensity and are less likely to quit than the general population. We sought to estimate the prevalence of cigarette smoking by drug use and psychiatric diagnoses and to explore to what extent a co-occurring diagnosis was associated with current smoking.MethodsData were derived from the most recent National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-III (NESARC-III, 2012–2013; n = 36,309). Cigarette smoking status was examined among those with any past-year or lifetime drug use disorders (i.e., alcohol, cannabis, opioid, cocaine) or affective disorders (i.e., mood, anxiety). Diagnoses were assessed using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria (DSM-5).ResultsAdjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, those with drug use disorders (past-year AOR = 3.3, 95% CI: 3.0, 3.6; lifetime AOR = 3.2, 95% CI: 3.0, 3.5) and those with affective disorders (past-year AOR = 1.7; 95%CI: 1.5, 1.8, lifetime AOR = 1.3, 95% CI: 1.2; 1.4), had higher odds of current cigarette smoking compared to individuals with no diagnosis. The odds of current cigarette smoking was significantly higher in individuals with both drug use disorders and affective disorders compared to those with either a drug use or affective disorder or no disorder (past-year AOR = 5.1; 95% CI: 4.3, 5.9, lifetime AOR = 4.3; 95% CI: 3.8, 4.7).ConclusionsApproximately 30% of the population had a past-year drug use or affective disorder, 17% of whom report both. The combination of both diagnoses produced a 1.5 to 3-fold higher correlation with smoking than either alone. |
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