低剂量亚慢性砷中毒家兔血液常规检查指标观察

目的 观察低剂量亚慢性砷中毒家兔血液常规检查指标的变化,为筛选低砷暴露的早期损伤指标提供依据.方法 将12只健康雄性家兔按体质量随机分为对照组和3个亚砷酸钠(NaAsO2)染毒组(低、中、高剂量组),每组3只.对照组家兔饮用自来水,3个染毒组分别饮用含砷量为10、50、250μg/L的自来水溶液.8周时于家兔耳缘静脉取50μl抗凝血,用ABX-60型全自动血细胞分析仪测定白细胞系统白细胞(WBC)、淋巴细胞绝对值(LYM)、淋巴细胞百分比(LYM%)、中性粒细胞绝对值(GRA)、中性粒细胞百分比(GRA%)、单核细胞绝对值(MON)、单核细胞百分比(MON%)]、红细胞系统红细胞(RBC)、血红蛋白(HGB)、红细胞比积(HCT)、平均红细胞体积(MCV)、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量(MCH)、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)、红细胞体积分布宽度(RDW)]、血小板系统血小板(PLT)、平均血小板体积(MPV)、血小板压积(PCT)和血小板分布宽度(PDW)],共18项指标.结果 各染毒组WBC、GRA、GRA%与对照组相比有升高趋势,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);各组间PLT、MPV比较,差异有统计学意义(F值分别为4.07、4.20,P<0.05),其中高剂量组PLT(221.33±22.50)×109L]明显低于对照组(292.00±16.97)×109/L,P<0.05],中剂量组MPV(5.57±0.46)fL]也明显低于对照组(7.10±0.99)fL,P<0.05];其余指标变化不明显.结论 低剂量亚慢性砷中毒可造成家兔血液系统改变,血液常规检查可作为砷中毒的早期损伤指标.

Effects of low arsenic sub-chronic exposure on blood general examination index in rabbit

Objective To observe the effect of low arsenic sub-chronic exposure on blood routine test index in rabbits to pave a way for screening early injury of the low arsenic exposure. Methods Twelve healthy male rabbits were randomly divided into four groups. They were administrated with As at the concentration of 0(control), 10, 50 and 250 μg/L in the drinking water. Blood samples were collected from the vein of the ear edge in 8 weeks, and blood test routine including leukocyte (WBC), lymphocyte (LYM), lymphocyte percentage (LYM%), neutrophil (GRA), neutrophil percentage (GRA%), monocyte (MON), monocyte percentage (MON%), red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin content (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration(MCHC), RDW, platelets(PLT), mean platelet volume(MPV), platelet hematocrit(PCT) and platelet distribution width (PDW), were detected by the ABX-60 hemocyte analyzer. Results Compared with the control group, the WBC, GRA and GRA% increased in 0, 50 and 250 μg/L groups, but there was no significance(P > 0.05). PLT and MPV had a statistical significance in 4 groups(F = 4.07,4.20, all P < 0.05). Compared with the control group(292.00±16.97)×109/L, (7.10±0.99)fL], PLT decreased in the 250 μg/L group (221.33±22.50)×109/L] and MPV decreased in the 50μg/L group (5.57±0.46)fL] significantly (P < 0.05). The other index didn't change obviously. Conclusions Sub-chronic low level arsenic exposure may lead to the change in the blood system. The blood routine test may be considered for early injury of the arsenic poisoning.