急性上肢动脉栓塞的外科治疗

目的 探讨急性上肢动脉栓塞的合并疾病、栓塞部位、手术与非手术及治疗前缺血时间等因素与疗效的关系.方法 回顾1988年7月至2008年1月约20年问62例急性上肢动脉栓塞的临床资料,采用累加Logit回归模型分析数据,以年龄、性别、心功能情况、栓塞部位、手术与非手术治疗、缺血时间等为参数,分析这些因素与临床疗效的相关关系.结果 本组62例,男33例,女29例,年龄35～86岁,平均63.5岁,男女之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).62例中37例接受了Fogarty球囊导管取栓术,25例接受非手术治疗而给予溶栓、抗凝、祛聚治疗.其中55例(88.7%)的肢体缺血状态得到改善,截肢2例,死亡2例.累加Logit回归模型分析表明治疗开始时间、心功能情况、手术取栓对决定预后有统计学意义(P<0.01);而年龄、性别和栓塞部位对疗效无统计学意义(P>0.05).而非手术的25例中,23例缺血状态得到改善.结论 对于急性上肢动脉栓塞,8 h以内Forty导管取栓术是最有效的治疗方法 ,而对于无法耐受手术的高危患者,积极的药物治疗仍可能改善栓塞肢体的缺血状态.

Management of acute arterial embolism in the upper extremities

Objective To evaluate risk factors of the prognosis in acute arterial embolism of the upper extremities. Methods The clinical data of 62 consecutive patients admired in our hospital with the diagnosis of acute arterial embolism in the upper extremities, from July 1988 to January 2008, were retrospectively reviewed. The risk factors including age, gender, cardiac function, location of embolism, embolectomy and duration of iaehemia were analyzed by cumulative Loots regression. Results There were 62 patients, 33 men and 29 worsen, with a mean age of 63. 5 years (35～86 years). Among them, 37 patients received Fogarty embolectomy and 25 patients received medical treatment including thrombolysis, anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy because of poor risk for surgery. The iachemic status meliorated in 55 patients (88.7%) with 2 patients receiving amputation and 2 patients dying during the peri-operative period. The result of cursulative Logits regression shewed that the duration of ischemia, cardiac function and embolectomy played the significant role on the prognosis (P < 0.01 ), but age, sex and the location of embolism did not show the significant role. In those only receiving the medical treatment, 23 patients restored blood flow to different degree. Conclusions Embolectomy with Fogarty catheter within 8 hours of onset was the most effective treatment for acute arterial embolism in the upper extremities. For peor-risk patients, early medical treatment including thrombolysis, antieoagulation and antiplatelet treatment, can also restore the blood flow in the isehemie limbs.