泰安市1999～2003年麻疹监测与控制分析

为了解泰安市麻疹流行病学特点和麻疹监测系统运转状况 ,对 1999～ 2 0 0 3年麻疹监测和预防接种数据进行分析、评价。结果显示 :1999～ 2 0 0 3年共报告麻疹疑似病例 4 6 2例 ,较法定传染病报告系统 (15 4例 )高出 2 0 0 % ,其中确诊麻疹 16 2例。目前麻疹发病仍有明显春末夏初季节高峰 ,且每年首例麻疹出现早晚与年内病例多少 (r =0 77)及其疫情停止早晚 (r=0 74 )相关。麻疹发病主要因素为麻疹疫苗 (MV)实际接种率较低和免疫失败。麻疹疑似病例的及时报告、及时调查、合格血清标本采集率分别为 10 0 0 0 %、10 0 0 0 %和 96 5 4 %。 1999～ 2 0 0 3年MV常规免疫接种 82 4 799人次 ,年报告接种率均 >90 % ;对重点人群开展了 3轮MV强化免疫 ,接种 18784 17人次。表明正确实施MV预防接种是控制麻疹的基础 ;加强麻疹监测 ,提高监测质量 ,是加速控制麻疹的关键。同时要注重流动人口中儿童的计划免疫规范化管理

Analysis on Measles Surveillance and Control in Taian City During 1999- 2003

To know the epidemiologic al characters of measles and c urrent status of Measles Surveilla nce System(MSS),we analyzed and e valuated the data of measles surve illance and measles vaccine immuni zation during 1999-2003. 462 suspected cases w ere reported by MSS from 1999 to 2003 , 200% higher than 154 reported cases from natio nal Notified Disease Reporting Sys tem. 162 were probable cases. T he incidence peak of measles remained in late Spring and early Summe r.The time when occurring the firs t measles case in one year was related to the total case number duri ng this year (r=0.79)and the time w hen the epidemic stop(r=0.74).The main factors leading to measles ep idemic are low coverage of measles vaccine(MV)and failure immunizatio n.The measles timely reporting rat e,timely investigatating rate and qualified serum sample collection rate are 100% and 96.54%, respectiv ely.During 1999-2003, 824,799 doses wer e vaccinated in routine and annually reported covera ge was above 90%. Additionally, MV supplementary immunizat ion were conducted and vaccinated 3 times, 1,878,417 person received immunization. We can co nclude that to conduct the MV immuni zation correctly is the key point in m easles control.Strengthening the m easles surveillance and improving the surveillance quality are the k ey measures to accelerate measles c ontrol.In addition,more attention should be paid to standardize EPI management to the floating childre n.