Mitomycin C prevents strictures in caustic esophageal burns in rats

BACKGROUND: Caustic esophageal injuries lead to stricture formation. Although a number of agents have been tried experimentally to prevent strictures, few have gained clinical application. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Mitomycin C (MMC), which inhibits fibroblastic proliferation in preventing caustic esophageal strictures. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty-six rats were allocated into four groups. Caustic esophageal burns were created as described by Gehanno. Group A was instilled only with saline. Group B was injured and untreated. Groups C and D were injured and received topical MMC at 0.02 and 0.04% concentrations, respectively. At 28 days, stenosis index (SI), collagen deposition, and hydroxyproline content (HP) were determined in distal esophageal segments. Statistical analyses were done. RESULTS: Mean SI in Group B was significantly higher than others (P < 0.05). Mean SI was statistically higher in Group C than A and D and similar between groups A and D. The greatest accumulation of collagen was found in Group B, followed by Group C, D, and A, respectively. Collagen deposition in Group D was statistically lower than Group B (P < 0.01) and similar to Group C. Mean HP in Group B was statistically higher than others (P < 0.05), significantly higher in Group C than Group D (P = 0.047), and similar between Groups A and D (P = 0.73). CONCLUSION: MMC was effective in preventing strictures following experimental caustic esophageal injury, in a dose-dependent manner. We consider that it can gain clinical utilization with the establishment of effective mode, dose, and timing of therapy.