食草动物食性研究方法的评价

目的分析近30年草食性动物食性研究方法及其进展。方法查阅国内外有关大型草食性动物食性的文献,对主要研究方法进行评价。结论目前国内外常见的大型草食性动物食性研究方法主要包括宏观和微观两大类:宏观分析法主要包括直接观察法(direct observation method)、利用法(utilization method),微观分析法主要包括粪便显微分析法(fecal microscopic analysis method)、胃容物分析法(rumen analysis)。宏观分析法和微观分析法通常共同运用于食性研究过程。20世纪90年代前多采用直接观察法和胃分析法,到20世纪90年代后对有蹄类的食性研究多采用粪便显微分析法,并以其易于取样和对动物干扰小等优点在食性研究中得到了广泛应用,逐步地实现了由胃分析法为主向以粪便显微分析法为主的转变。

The review and evaluation on the study method for herbivore food-habit

Objective Methods in recent 30 years evaluating the food habits of herbivores and their recent development are concluded in this article. Methods Recent researches are analyzed) and some main Methods are concluded. Conclusion Concerning the food habits of herbivores, recent Methods, home or abroad, are concluded mainly into macro- and micro-analysis Methods. Macro-analysis is composed of direct observation method and utilization method ; Micro-analysis is composed of fecal microscopic analysis method and rumen analysis. These two Methods are always used together in the food habits analysis. Direct observation method and rumen analysis are always used until 90s 20 century, and since then fecal microscopic analysis method is widely used because it is convenient and causes little stress to animals. And this leads to the transition of the food habits analysis from rumen analysis to fecal microscopic analysis method.