伊犁地区戒毒人员HIV感染的流行病学调查

目的 了解伊犁地区戒毒人员HIV感染状况以及伊犁地区戒毒人员的人口学特征和地域分布，为制定干预措施提供科学依据。 方法 以2005年-2012年伊犁州戒毒所登记在册的戒毒人员资料数据库为调查内容，运用SPSS13.0统计软件进行分析。 结果 伊犁地区戒毒人员的HIV感染率较高，占戒毒人员总数的43.1%，其中31~50岁年龄阶段的青壮年HIV感染率最高，族别特征明显，维吾尔族戒毒人员占46.0%，离异者的感染率比其他婚姻状况的感染率高，职业为个体、无业的戒毒者HIV感染率较高，小学文化程度的感染率达54.0%。不同性别、年龄组、民族、婚姻状况、职业及文化程度的戒毒人员HIV感染率差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05)，处于中心县市地域戒毒人员的HIV感染率较边境县市感染率高6.7%，感染率总体呈下降趋势。 结论 制定适合少数民族的艾滋病防治政策，推广针对少数民族的艾滋病防治模式，应当采取综合干预措施，营造支持性环境，反对社会歧视，充分发挥社区的作用，有效控制HIV传播，降低感染率。

Epidemiological investigation on HIV infection among drug addicts in Yili area

Objective This was to understand the status of HIV infection among drug addicts in Yili, and the demographic characteristics and geographical distribution of drug addicts in Yili, and to provide scientific evidence for the intervention measures. Methods Data from Yili drug registration record of detoxification information database during 2005-2012 were collected for the survey, and analyzed by using SPSS 13.0 statistical software. Results The HIV infection rate among drug addicts in Yili area was high, accounting for 43.1% of the total number of drug addicts. Among them, the young and middle-aged males of 31-50 years of age had the highest infection rate. The addicts with HIV infection had obvious ethnic characteristics, with Uygur accounting for 46.0%. The infection rate was higher among the divorced than other marital status. In terms of occupation, the rate was very high among the unemployed drug addicts. 54.0% of them had only elementary school education. The rate differed significantly with gender, age, nationality, marital status, occupation, and education (P<0.05). Those in the center region of counties and cities had a rate of 6.7 higher than those at the border counties. Overall, the infection rate showed an odownward trend. Conclusion AIDS prevention policy should be formulated for minorities. Comprehensive intervention measures should be promoted. A supportive social environment against social discrimination should be created for the effective control of HIV transmission.