多元化健康教育模式预防一氧化碳中毒患者迟发脑病的临床试验研究

目的 观察多元化健康教育模式预防一氧化碳中毒患者迟发脑病的效果。方法 2011年8月 - 2015年2月选择在某院急诊的一氧化碳中毒患者130例，根据随机数字表法分为试验组与对照组各65例，所有患者都给予高压氧结合药物治疗，治疗周期为30 d，对照组在治疗期间给予患者进行常规健康教育，试验组则基于对照组安排的护理工作，根据患者实际情况开展多元化的健康教育。结果 试验组与对照组的迟发脑病发生率分别为6.2%和24.6%，试验组明显少于对照组(P ＜ 0.05)。护理后试验组的遵医嘱用药、饮食管理、运动管理、自我监测等评分都明显高于对照组(P ＜ 0.05)。护理后试验组的抑郁与焦虑评分都明显低于对照组(P ＜ 0.05)。试验组的生理功能、躯体疼痛、总体健康、活力、社会功能、心理健康评分都明显高于对照组(P ＜ 0.05)。结论 多元化健康教育模式能预防一氧化碳中毒患者迟发脑病的发生，提高患者的自我管理能力，缓解心理障碍，提高生活质量，有很好的应用价值。

The efficacy observation of diversified health education model for prevention of delayed encephalopathy in the carbon monoxide poisoning patients

Objective The aim of this study was to observe the effects of diversified health education model for prevention of delayed encephalopathy in the carbon monoxide poisoning patients. Methods From August 2011 to February 2015 in our hospital, 130 patients with carbon monoxide poisoning were selected in the emergency department. The random number tables were used to equally divide experimental group and control group with 65 patients. All patients were given hyperbaric oxygen combined with drug therapy. The therapy period were 30 days. The control group received routine health education during treatment. The experimental group were added diversified health education for patients with specific conditions based on the control group. Results The incidences of delayed encephalopathy in the experimental and the control groups were 6.2% and 24.6%, respectively. The incidences in experimental group was significantly less than that in control group (P ＜0.05). After nursing, the incidences in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group (P＜0.05) according to the prescribed medication, diet management, exercise management, self monitoring and so on. After nursing, the scores of depression and anxiety in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). The physiological function bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, mental health scores in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P ＜0.05). Conclusion Diversification health education model can prevent delayed encephalopathy in the carbon monoxide poisoning patients, improve patient's self-management skills, relieve psychological barriers, and improve quality of life. Diversification health education model has very good values.