沿淮河食管癌高发区居民家族遗传与食管癌发病风险的关系

目的 了解家族遗传与食管癌发病风险的关系，为实现食管癌的二级预防提供依据。方法 采用1∶1匹配的病例对照研究方法，对213对食管癌病例及对照进行分层分析，比较2组间不同癌症类型、不同血缘关系亲属的食管癌发病危险(OR值)的大小及差异。结果 与无癌症家族史相比，家系中有食管癌家族史的食管癌发病风险较高(OR = 2.52，95%CI = 1.67~3.79)，同时有食管癌和其他癌症家族史的发病风险更高(OR = 2.58，95%CI = 1.37~4.89)。I级和Ⅱ级亲属中患有癌症的食管癌发病风险均较高，OR值(95%CI)分别为2.09(1.47~2.98)和3.35(1.32~8.53)。结论 淮安市沿淮河地区居民有食管癌家族史者食管癌发病风险较高，同时有食管癌和其他癌症家族史的食管癌发病风险更高，且亲缘关系越近，食管癌的发病危险越大。

The correlation between the risk of esophagus cancer and familial inheritance of residents in the high-incidence area along the Huaihe River

Objective This study was to understand the correlation between familial inheritance and the risks of esophagus cancer, to provide evidence for the prevention and control of esophagus cancer. Methods A case-control study with a ratio of 1:1 was adopted on 213 pairs of esophagus cancer cases and controls. Stratification analysis was carried out to compare the ORs of esophagus cancer between the two groups by tumor types and grades of kin relatives. Results Compared to residents without family tumor history, residents with family history of esophagus cancer had higher risk of esophagus cancer (OR=2.52, 95%CI=1.67~3.79). Risk was higher for people with famliy history of both esphagus cancer and other cancers (OR=2.58，95%CI=1.37~4.89). Risk of esophagus cancer was high for residents having lineal kin or collateral relatives with cancer, with ORs of 2.09 (1.47~2.98) and 3.35(1.32~8.53), respectively. Conclusion Risk was high among residents with famliy history of esophagus cancer in high-incidence area along the Huaihe River in Huaian, and the risk was higher among people with famliy history of both esophagus cancer and other cancers, and the risk increased with the closeness of kinship.