浙江省温州市新型毒品与传统毒品滥用者HIV、HCV及梅毒螺旋体感染风险的比较研究

目的 分析浙江省温州市新型毒品与传统毒品滥用者人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)、 丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)及梅毒螺旋体感染风险,为吸毒人群行为干预模式的进一步探讨提供依据。方法 采用国家统一制定的问卷对温州市2010-2014年艾滋病哨点监测的4102名毒品滥用者进行调查,并采集血液标本进行HIV、HCV及梅毒抗体检测。结果 4102名毒品滥用者中,新型毒品与传统毒品滥用者分别占49.42%和47.46%,其余为混合毒品滥用者;2010-2014年新型毒品滥用者所占比例整体呈上升趋势。新型毒品滥用者注射吸毒率与共用针具率分别为11.69%和22.78%,前者低于传统组(P0.0001),后者与传统组差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。最近1年内新型毒品滥用者商业性行为发生率为31.77%,高于传统组(P0.0001);两者每次使用安全套比例均为14.00%左右。新型毒品滥用者HIV抗体阳性检测率为0.20%,与传统组差异无统计学意义(P0.05);HCV、梅毒检测阳性率分别为28.61%和8.58%,前者低于传统组(P0.05),而后者高于传统组(P0.0001)。结论 新型毒品滥用者正面临着艾滋病等疾病血液传播与性传播的双重风险,亟需进一步探讨出适合当前吸毒人群行为特征的干预模式。

Comparative study on risk of HIV,HCV and syphilis infection between club drug users and traditional drug users in Wenzhou,Zhejiang

Objective To compare the risks for HIV infection, HCV infection and syphilis between club drug users and traditional drug users, and provide evidence for the further improvement of behavioral intervention among drug users in Wenzhou city of Zhejiang province. Methods A total of 4102 drug users in Wenzhou were surveyed with questionnaires for national HIV sentinel surveillance during 2010-2014, and blood samples were collected from them to detect HIV, HCV and syphilis antibodies. Results In the drug users surveyed, club drug users accounted for 49.41% and traditional drug users accounted for 47.46%, some of them were both club drug users and traditional drug users. The proportion of club drug users increased during 2010-2014. In club drug users, injecting drug users accounted for 11.69%, lower than that in traditional drug users (P0.0001), and in these injecting drug users, those sharing needles with others accounted for 22.78%, compared with traditional drug users, the difference had no statistical significance (P0.05). In the past year, the club drug users who had commercial sex accounted for 31.77%, higher than that in traditional drug users (P0.0001). The condom use rates at each sex in both club drug users and traditional drug users were all about 14.00%. The HIV positive rate in club drug users was 0.20%, the difference was not significant compared with traditional drug users (P0.05). HCV and syphilis positive rates in club drug users were 28.61% and 8.58%. The former was lower than that in traditional drug users (P0.05), the latter was higher than that in traditional drug users (P0.0001). Conclusion The risks of both the blood borne transmission and sexual transmission of AIDS and other diseases existed in club drug users. It is necessary to develop targeted intervention measures for club drug users.