除害专业队伍实施城市灭蚊的研究

目的比较3个在用人、培训、技术措施和管理方面不同的实施单位在城市灭蚊工作中灭蚊效果的差异。方法2002年6~9月,3个实施单位分别承包了武汉7个灭蚊区的灭蚊试点工作。其中城区灭蚊项目组将其负责的灭蚊区内下岗人员训练为除害员,开展了蚊虫孳生地普查,然后利用普查资料和地图搜索、处理蚊虫孳生地。除害员对灭蚊区市民进行面对面的灭蚊宣传。项目组建立防止遗漏蚊虫孳生地的管理制度。而另外两个实施单位在这几方面与项目组不同。试点结束前由专家对灭蚊区进行问卷调查和达标考核。结果在项目组负责的灭蚊区有12个蚊密度测试点,其中10个点的RPI值为0。普查后每小时能在灭蚊区找到的蚊虫孳生地数量显著下降。项目组的问卷调查和达标考核结果均优于另外2个实施单位。结论蚊虫孳生地普查,训练灭蚊区当地的下岗人员为除害员,建立合理的管理制度能有效防止蚊虫孳生地的遗漏,提高除害专业队伍实施城市灭蚊的工作质量。

Study on urban mosquito control by PMP

Objective To compare urban mosquito control effect by 3 PMPs which were different in employee engagement and training,technical measures and management.Methods The 3 PMPs contracted for mosquito control work of 7 mosquito control sections in Wuhan from June to September in 2002.The speciality of the project team in the 3 PMPs was to prevent omitting mosquito breeding sites at low cost.The project team trained local unemployed workers in mosquito control sections to be pest management professionals,census was made and used for searching for mosquito breeding sites with community map.The team educated neighboring citizen for mosquito control on the spot and administered management measure to prevent omitting mosquito breeding sites.Questionnaire investigation and inspection of mosquito control regions were taken by experts of Hubei province before the end of the work.Results 10 RPI of 12 spots of adult mosquito density inspection in the sections responsible by the team were 0.Numbers of mosquito breeding sites found in the sections per hour decreased.The project team won the advantage over the other two PMPs.Conclusion Census of mosquito breeding sites,training local unemployed workers to do mosquito control work,administering reasonable management measures were helpful to prevent omitting mosquito breeding sites in urban mosquito control.The efficiency of urban mosquito control could be raised by the above methods.