青岛市某社区新型毒品吸食者艾滋病知识及艾滋病/梅毒感染状况调查

目的社区新型毒品吸食者对于艾滋病的认知情况,了解其获取知识的渠道、方法及其感染状况。方法采用同伴推动抽样方法（RDS）在青岛市某社区招募新型毒品吸食者,采用自行设计的问卷进行问卷调查,同时采集静脉血5ml,1 500r/min离心5min分离血清,进行HIV抗体检测,采用SPSS 17.0统计软件进行数据分析。结果共招募新型毒品吸食者324名,艾滋病总体知晓率为63.94%,对艾滋病传播途径＂血液、共用注射器、母婴＂了解较好,分别为95.14%、94.75%、93.86%,对安全套可预防艾滋病的认知率为85.67%。对＂蚊虫叮咬、吃饭不会传播艾滋病＂认知率较差,分别为65.56%、68.47%。主要通过公共媒体＂电视、报刊、互联网＂获取艾滋病知识,分别为73.03%、63.11%、63.25%,而针对＂学校教育、咨询服务、医生＂较少,分别为2.12%、6.68%、6.98%。该人群中没有发现艾滋病感染者,但梅毒感染率较高,为16.05%。结论青岛市某社区新型毒品吸食者艾滋病知识总体知晓率不高,知识来源主要是公共媒体,针对性教育、干预较少。虽然未检出HIV抗体阳性者,但梅毒感染率较高,存在HIV广泛传播的可能性,需对该人群开展针对性健康教育和干预工作。

Survey on HIV/AIDS Knowledge and HIV/Syphilis Infection Status Among New Drug Users in a Community,Qingdao City

Objective To understand the cognition of HIV/AIDS among new drug users in Qingdao city,so as too ex- plore their access and method to the relevant knowledge and their infection status. Methods New drug users were re- cruited with the method of respondent-driven sampling（RDS） in communities in Qingdao city. Objects were selected in a survey by a self-designed questionnaire. And 5ml blood specimens were collected to detect antibodies against HIV and syphilis. Analyzing the data by SPSS 17.0. Results A total 324 objects were recruited. The total awareness rate of HIV/AIDS was 63.94%. The cognition that HtV/AIDS can be spread by blood, sharing needles and mother-to-child transmission was better. The awareness rate was 95.14% ,94.75% and 93.86%. The rate of cognition that condom can prevent AIDS was 85.67%. The cognition that HIV/AIDS can＇t be spread by mosquito bites and sharing meals was worse. The awareness rate was 65. 56% and 68.47%. They got knowledge of HIV/AIDS mainly from television, newspapers and Internet. The rate was 73.03%, 63.11% and 63.25%. Education and interventions targeted on HIV/AIDS were less. The rate was 2.12%, 6.68% and 6.98%. HIV/AIDS was found in these people by detection, but the rate of syphilis was high. The infective rate of syphilis was 16.05%. Conclusion The total awareness rate of HIV/AIDS relevant knowledge is low among new drug users. Their main access to the knowledge is public media. There are less education and intervention targeted on HIV/AIDS. No HIV/AIDS is found in these people by detection, but the rate of syphilis is high. There is possibility of HIV/AIDS widespread. Relevant health education and intervention in these people should be conducted.