基底动脉狭窄血管内支架成形术疗效研究

目的　研究应用血管内支架成形术治疗基底动脉狭窄的初步疗效。方法　自 2 0 0 0年 12月至 2 0 0 4年 6月 ,治疗基底动脉狭窄患者 4 3例 ,其中男 2 3例 ,女 2 0例 ,年龄 4 1～ 84岁 ,平均 6 4岁。 2 4例为反复的短暂性脑缺血发作 (TIA) ,临床表现包括眩晕、复视、共济失调、恶心及呕吐、皮质盲、记忆障碍和 或眼颤等 ;9例为反复头晕发作或血管性头痛 ,6例为既往后循环梗塞患者 ,4例仅表现为晕厥。所有的患者经药物治疗无效 ,或不能耐受长期的抗凝治疗。所有患者应用球囊膨胀支架行血管内成形术治疗。术后噻氯匹定 (2 5 0mg ,2次 d)口服 4周停药 ,肠溶阿司匹林 (30 0mg ,1次 d)服用半年后减量(10 0mg ,1次 d)终生服用。结果　 2 6例恢复正常管径 ,17例狭窄程度减小 80 %以上 ,无手术相关并发症。患者均恢复满意 ,临床无TIA或脑卒中风再发作 ;影像学随访 2 8例患者 ,6例于术后 6个月造影时见再狭窄 ,程度约 6 0 % ,可能与此患者术后未正规服用抗凝药物有关 ,其余 2 7例影像随访患者未见明显再狭窄。结论　血管内支架成形术治疗基底动脉狭窄的近期疗效令人满意 ,但远期疗效仍需进一步临床及影像随访结果。

Endovascular stent-assisted angioplasty for basilar artery stenosis

Objective To study the effect of endovascular stent-assisted angioplasty for basilar artery stenosis. Methods Fourty-three patients with symptomatic basilar artery stenosis refractory to medical therapy, were treated with angioplasty using balloon-expandable coronary stent. Results There were no procedural and periprocedural complications, and angiographic results suggested that the lesions in 26 cases returned to normal size, while reduced by more than 80% in 17 cases. The patients were clinical asymptomatic and neur ologically intact. Follow-up angiogram in 28 patients,six patinets have restenosis after 6 month. The reason of this patient' restnosis may be his taking medicine. Conclusions Early results of endovascular stenting for symptomatic basilar artery stenosis is promising, and long-term clinical and angiographic follow-up is needed.