肾旋转不良的临床解剖特点及诊疗对策探讨

目的探讨肾脏旋转不良的临床诊断和治疗。方法对7例（9侧）肾旋转不良的临床病例资料进行回顾性分析。结果5侧术前确诊，4侧手术中确诊。异位肾并旋转缺失1侧，旋转不全6侧，过度旋转2侧。5侧合并肾结石。结论肾旋转不良的诊断依赖有效的影像学检查，术前临床分型诊断困难，合并肾功能不良、结石或积水者不易确诊。肾旋转不良常有异位血管，治疗首选手术矫正。

Diagnosis and treatment for renal malrotation

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment for renal malrotation in aduhs. Methods Seven cases （nine kid- neys） of renal malrotation were retrospective analyzed. Results Malrotation of 5 kidneys were diagnosed before the operation and malrota- tion of 4 kidneys were diagnosed during the operation including 1 ectopic kidney with absent rotation, 6 kidneys with imcomplete rotation and 2 kidneys with overrotation. Of the 9 diagnosed kidneys, 5 were complicated with nephrolith. Conclusion Imaging examination is helpful for the diagnosis of renal malrotation; however, difficulties still existed in clinical classification before the operation. Renal malrotation is liable to be misdiagnosed if it is complicated with renal malfunction, lithiasis and hydrops. Surgical derotation would be the first choice for renal malrotation if angiectopia is found.