广州地区鼻咽癌患者非职业相关因素的调查

目的 探讨广州地区鼻咽癌患者非职业相关因素及护理对策.方法 以我院确诊的60例鼻咽癌患者为观察组,行1：1匹配病例对照研究,应用单因素及多因素条件Logistic回归对广州地区鼻咽癌非职业相关因素进行分析,计算各因素与鼻咽癌的OR值及其95％可信区间.结果 研究提示常吃烧烤食品（P=0.044）、常吃腌制食品（P=0.027）、酗酒（P=0.040）、抽烟（P=0.035）、常用语言为粤语（P=0.033）、一、二级血亲存在鼻咽癌患者（P=0.003）、慢性鼻炎病史（P=0.016）、精神刺激史（P=0.033）、EB病毒感染（P=0.007）为危险因素;常吃蔬菜（P=0.002）、经常运动（P=0.012）为保护因素.结论 广州地区鼻咽癌的发病与饮食因素、生活方式、遗传因素、既往病史及EB病毒感染密切相关,针对鼻咽癌的发生发展情况,采取合适的护理对策,提倡合理的膳食、良好的生活方式以及加强患者的心理安抚,可以有效降低鼻咽癌的发病率和（或）减轻患者心理负担.

Case-control study and nursing strategy on correlation factors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Guangzhou

Objective To investigate the correlation factors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Guangzhou.Methods A hospital-based 1：1 matched case-control study about nasopharyngeal carcinoma was conducted,calculated the factors associated with the extent of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 95％ confidence interval.Results The analysis showed that barbecue food,pickled food,alcoholism,smoking,Cantonese,nasopharyngeal carcinoma history in immediate family,chronic rhinitis,psychic attack and EBV infection were risk factors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma （P=0.044,0.027,0.040,0.035,0.033,0.003,0.016,0.033,0.007）; while eating vegetable and taking exercise frequently were protective factors （P=0.002,0.012）.Conclusions Dietary factor,life-style,genetic factor,disease history and EBV infection are closely related to nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Guangzhou.It maybe helpful to decreasing the incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and/or reducing the psychological burden of patients to take appropriate nursing countermeasures,a balanced diet and life-style,and keep a good mood by psychological counseling.