成人乙型肝炎疫苗预防接种的成本-效益分析

为了解成人接种乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗后的经济效益和社会效益,为预防成人乙肝提供依据.以1990～1991年接种乙肝疫苗与否,采用多级分层抽样的方法,调查接种者1344人,调查未接种者1476人,对116名乙肝患者进行乙肝费用调查.结果表明,成本-效益1990～1991年攀枝花钢铁公司投入成本235.58万元(1999年的贴现值),产出的效益9283.81万元,净效益9048.23万元,效益成本比值为39.41.社会效益这次乙肝疫苗接种减少乙肝病人669人,减少乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)携带者1737人,减少工作寿命损失639.47人年,减少寿命损失1418.30人年.研究结果提示成人接种乙肝疫苗具有巨大的经济效益和社会效益.

Health-Economics Study of Hepatitis B Vaccination in Adults

For studying the economical and social benefits of hepatitis B vaccination in adults, 116 hepatitis B patients,1*!334 inoculated and 1*!476 uninoculated persons were investigated through stratified sampling in Panzhihua Iron and Steel Corporation(Group).Costs of vaccination in 1990-1991 and expenditure of hepatitis B patients were investigated through questionnaire.Benefits were calculated according to the reduction of hepatitis B, HBsAg(+)prevalence and complications of hepatitis B patients.The working-life losing discounted to money was taken into account.Cost-benefit analysis showed that discounted costs were 2,355,800 yuan,benefit were 91,615,700 yuan,net benefit was 89,259,900 yuan,benefit-cost ratio was 38.89.It is significantly larger than the theoretical benefit-cost ratio(2.52).Social effect analysis showed that 669 persons had been free from hepatitis B,HBsAg carriers reduced by 1068.Meanwhile the working-life losing reduced was 639.47 person-years,and the longevity losing reduced was 1418.30 person-year. The result of practical cost-benefit analysis is authentic and reliable, the social and the economical benefits of hepatitis B vaccination in adults are huge.