围绝经期妇女健康问题的社区干预效果研究

目的探求改善和提高围绝经期妇女身心健康的社区干预综合措施。方法采用整群抽样的方法，抽取2个社区45～65岁的妇女进行社区干预，对干预前313名及干预后291名进行围绝经保健知、信、行及Greene症状评分法问卷调查，以评价社区干预的效果。结果接受调查的妇女平均年龄为（50．74±5．46）岁，67．2％为无业，68．1％为小学及以下文化程度。干预前后对围绝经期健康知识得分由（5．16±1．74）分提高至（6．09±1．77）分（t=6．15，P=0．000）：“认为老有所为”及“反对忽视围绝经期危害”的选择率分别由67．9％和55.3％提升至83．0％和73．5％（P〈0．05）：激素治疗由28．9％下降到14．5％（t=17.39，P=0．000）;Greene症状评分由（14．83±8．00）分下降至（12．19±6．25）分（t=4．49±0．000），且绝经相关的心理、躯体及性功能障碍症状得到明显改善（P〈0．05）.结论围绝经期妇女健康问题社区干预取得了良好的效果，但保健知识和保健行为之间尚存在着差距．有针对性地开展社区干预措施有利于促进围绝经期妇女的健康.

The Effects of Perimenopausal Health Problems Intervention Among Community Women

OBJECTIVE To investigate effective community intervention measures in order to improve the mental and physical health of perimenopausal women. METHOD Random cluster sampling was used in selecting women aged between 45 and 65 in two communities. KAP and Greene syndrome score questionnaires were used in 313 women before intervention and 291 ones ＇after intervention. RESULT The studying objects had an average age of （50.74±5.46）years old. Among which, 67.2% were jobless and 68,1% had the highest education level of primary school. After intervention, the score （ 6.09± 1.77 ）was significantly higher than that （5.16±1.74） of before （t = 6.15, P=0.000）. The rate of choosing ＂old people should be powerful＂ was 83.0% and choosing ＂objecting to neglecting perimenopausal harm＂ was 73.5%, compared with the 67.9% and 55.3% hefore（P〈0.05）.Hormone therapy deelioed to 14.5%, compared with the 28.9% before（t=17.39, P=0.000）. The Greene symdrome score declined to（12.19±6.25）, compared with the （14.83±8.00）before（t=4.49, P= 0.000）. Meanwhile, perimenopausal mental and physical health and sexual disturbance were greatly improved after intervention（P〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION Community intervention has great effect on the health of perimenopausal women. However, there＇re still differences between knowledge and behavior. It＇s necessary, to focus on the community intervention in order to improve the perimenopausal health for women.