北京市693名公交司机血压水平及相关危险因素调查

目的了解北京市公交司机血压水平及相关危险因素。方法对公交司机693人（公交司机组）及非公交司机678人（对照组）进行血压检查和血压相关危险因素的现场问卷调查，并对其结果进行分析。结果公交司机组检出高血压患者198例，检出率28．6％，明显高于对照组高血压检出率13．7％（93／678）（P〈0．05）。在公交司机组中，26～35岁者159人，检出高血压24例，检出率为15．1％；36—45岁者282人，检出高血压75例，检出率为26．6％；46—55岁者252人，检出高血压99例，检出率为39．3％。对照组中，26～35岁者152人，检出高血压6例，检出率为3．9％；36—45岁者264人，检出高血压36例，检出率为13．6％；46—55岁者262人，检出高血压51例，检出率为19．5％。不同年龄段公交司机高血压检出率比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；同一年龄段，公交司机组高血压的检出率明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）。公交司机组的收缩压、舒张压及平均动脉压均高于对照组（122±13）mmHg（1mmHg=0．133kPa）比（108±11）mmHg，（73±8）mmHg比（64±8）mmHg，（89±9）mmHg比（75±8）mmHg]（P〈0．05）。公交司机组中体重指数〉25ks／m2者高血压患病率明显高于体重指数≤25ks／m2者，有吸烟史者高血压患病率明显高于无吸烟史者，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论北京市公交司机血压明显高于非公交司机，且高血压的检出率随着年龄段的增加而增加。肥胖、吸烟的公交司机高血压患病率较高。

Blood pressure level and the risk factors of bus drivers in Beijing city

Objective To explore the blood pressure level of Beijing bus drivers and the relative risk factors . Methods Cluster sampling method was used to investigate the bus drivers＇ blood pressure. SPSS 19.0 software was applied to analyze the data. Results The detective rate of hypertension was 28： 6% （198/693） among bus drivers, which was higher than that among the non-bus drivers 13.7% （93/678）, P 〈 0.05 ]. The detective rate of hypertension among bus drivers was 15.1% （24/159） between 26 and 35 years old, 26.6% （75/282） between 36 and 45 years old, 39.3% （99/254） between 46 and 55 years old; the detective rate of hypertension in control subjects was 3.9% （6/152） between 26 to 35 years old, 13.6% （36/264） between 36 to 45 years old, 19.5 % （ 51/262 ） between 46 to 55 years old. There were significant differences among different ages （ P 〈 0.05 ）. In the same age stage, the detective rates of hypertension of bus drivers were higher than those of non-bus drivers and there was asignificant difference（P 〈0.05 ）. The average systolic pressure, diastolic pressure and average artery pressure of bus drivers were higher than those of non-bus drivers （ 122 ± 13 ） mmHg vs （ 108 ± 11 ） mmHg, （73 ± 8） mmHg vs （64 ±8 ） mmHg, （ 89 ± 9 ） mmHg vs （75 ± 8 ） mmHg, all P 〈 0.05 ]. The prevalence rate of bus drivers with body mass index （BMI） 〉 25 kg/m2 was higher than that of bus drivers with BMI ≤ 25 kg/m2 ; prevalence rate of bus drivers with smoking history was higher than that of bus drivers with non-smoking history and there were significant differences （ all P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions The levels of blood pressure in bus drivers are obviously increased. The prevalence rate of bus drivers with obesity and smoking is high.