老年下呼吸道医院获得性感染病原学及药物敏感性的研究

目的：探讨老年下呼吸道医院获得性感染病原学及对抗生素的敏感性。方法：对72例患者痰液作细菌培养和药敏试验，应用青霉素类、头孢类、喹诺酮类3种抗生素，足疗程最佳有效剂量共10～14d。结果：共培养出88株病原菌，革兰阴性菌87％，革兰阳性菌9．6％。革兰阴性菌中铜绿假单胞菌、克雷伯菌属、不动杆菌和大肠埃希菌为主，对多种抗生素耐药，但对哌拉西林-他唑巴坦、头孢他啶、亚胺培南敏感。结论：老年医院获得性下呼吸道感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主，耐药性高，应根据药敏试验选择敏感抗生素。

Study on the Pathogens and Drug-susceptibility of Acquired Hospital Infection in Lower respiratory Tract in Elderly Patients

Objective: To explore the pathogens and drug-susceptibility of acquired hospital infection in lower respiratory tract in aged patients. Methods: The sputum of seventy-two patients were cultured for bacteria and tested with drug-susceptibility by using three types of antibiotics including penicillin, quinolones and cephalosporines with enough dosages for 10 to 14 days. Results; There were 88 strains from the cultured sputum including 87% Gram-negative bacteria find 9. 6% Gram-positive bacteria. The main Gram-negative bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniase, Acinetobac(?)er and Escherichia coli. They were drug resistant to many antibiotics, but were sensitive to piperacillin- tazobactam, ceftazidime and imipenem. Conclusion; The main pathogens of acquired hospital infection in lower respiratory tract in elderly patients was Gram-negative bacteria and had high drug resistance. It should be treated based on the antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria.