姜黄素对新生大鼠卵巢卵泡发育和卵母细胞凋亡的影响

目的：探讨姜黄素对新生大鼠卵泡发育和卵母细胞凋亡的影响。方法：雌性SD大鼠分为母鼠灌胃组（受孕11.5d母鼠灌胃姜黄素（100mg·kg^-1·d^-1）直至分娩,分别取出生后1、2和4d龄雌仔鼠卵巢）,新生鼠腹腔注射组（正常出生1d龄雌仔鼠腹腔注射姜黄素（100mg·kg^-1·d^-1）,连续4d,分别取出生后2、4d龄卵巢）和对照组（以母、幼均未用药的正常同天龄新生鼠的卵巢为对照）。卵巢组织切片由苏木精-伊红染色,观察不同发育阶段的卵泡比例,TUNEL染色检测卵巢内卵母细胞凋亡情况。结果：在1d龄卵巢中,母鼠灌胃组未装配卵泡比例明显低于对照组（P〈0.05）,而原始卵泡的比例明显增加（P〈0.05）;在2d龄卵巢中,新生鼠腹腔注射组未装配卵泡比例明显低于对照组（P〈0.05）,而原始卵泡比例则明显高于对照组（P〈0.05）;在4d龄卵巢中,新生鼠腹腔注射组的原始卵泡比例显著下降（P〈0.05）。早期初级和发育卵泡比例显著升高（P〈0.05）。在1、2d龄卵巢中,母鼠灌胃组和新生鼠腹腔注射组卵母细胞TUNEL阳性率均明显低于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论：姜黄素能加快新生大鼠卵母细胞巢破裂,促进原始卵泡的发育启动,同时能抑制卵母细胞凋亡,可能有益于延长卵巢的生殖寿命。

Effects of Curcumin on Ovarian Follicular Development and Oocyte Apoptosis in Neonatal Rats

Objective：To investigate the effects of curcumin on ovarian follicular development and oocyte apoptosis in neonatal rats. Methods：Female SD rats were divided into group A（pregnant rats were treated with curcumin（100 mg·kg^-1·d^-1）by intragastric administration from day 11.5 of their pregnancy to delivery,and neonatal rat ovaries were collected from postnatal day 1（PD1）,PD2 and 4 rats,respectively）,group B（normal PD1 rats were treated with curcumin（100 mg·kg^-1·d^-1）by intraperitoneal injection consecutively for 4 days,and PD2 and 4 ovaries were collected）and group C（ovaries from normal PD1,2 and 4 rats without any treaments were collected as control group）. Ovarian tissue sections were prepared and hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to examine the ratio of ovarian follicles at different developmental stages. TUNEL staining was used to analyze the ratio of apoptotic oocytes among groups. Results：In PD1 ovaries,the ratio of unassembled follicles from group A was significantly smaller than that of group C（P〈0.05）. In PD2 ovaries,the ratio of unassembled follicles from group B was significantly smaller than that of group C（P〈0.05）,the ratio of primordial follicles was significantly larger than that of group C（P〈0.05）. In PD4 ovaries,compared with group C,the ratio of primordial follicles from group B decreased remarkably（P〈0.05）. Both the ratio of early primary follicles（P〈0.05）and the ratio of developing follicles（P〈0.05）from group B increased remarkably. In PD1 and 2 ovaries,both group A and B demonstrated significantly less apoptotic oocytes than group C（P〈0.05）. Conclusion：Curcumin may promote oocyte nest breakdown in neonatal rats,speed up primordial follicle assembly and development,as well as inhibit oocyte apoptosis,thus may prolong the reproductive lifespan of ovary.