新疆不同民族、不同地区6～14岁儿童睡眠状况流行病学调查

目的 了解新疆不同民族、不同地区6～14岁儿童睡眠状况及其相关因素.方法 2009年10-12月在新疆地区6个县、2个市随机抽取6～14岁不同民族儿童,由专人负责对其家长进行儿童家庭、社会环境与睡眠健康问卷调查,实际发放调查问卷总数为7 011份,回收问卷6 893份(回收率为98.00%),剔除＞14岁及＜6岁的儿童问卷,有效问卷6 833份.结果 新疆不同民族6～14岁儿童平时平均每天睡眠时间比较,哈萨克族、维吾尔族儿童睡眠时间较汉族、回族儿童睡眠时间长.在被调查的儿童中,睡眠障碍者占33.3%.其中哈萨克族儿童睡眠障碍发生率为45.85%,汉族为40.78%,维吾尔族为18.42%,回族为28.16%.不同民族常见的睡眠障碍表现亦有差别.影响儿童睡眠时间的主要因素有完成家庭作业所需时间、母乳喂养断乳时间、孩子吃晚餐时间、民族、是否用摇床等,而睡眠障碍发生的主要危险因素有曾长期或近期服用某些药物、民族、常患感冒、家庭人均住房面积、家族中有人有睡眠障碍、与父母同睡等.结论 新疆不同民族儿童普遍存在睡眠时间不足、睡眠质量差,睡眠障碍的发生率较高,其中哈萨克族及汉族儿童尤为显著.儿童睡眠状况应予以重视.

Epidemiological Study on Sleep Characteristics in Children from 6 to 14 Years Old in Xinjiang Different Ethnic and Region Groups

Objective To evaluate sleep characteristics and related factors of different ethnic group in children from 6 to 14 years old in Xinjiang.Methods Six thousand eight hundred and ninety-three different ethnic group chidren who were randomly selected among the 6 counties and 2 cities in Xinjiang were administered the questionnaires about children′s sleep and their social environment.There were 7 011 delivered questionnaires,received 6 893(recovery rate was 98.00%),among them deleted under 6 years and older than 14 years child,useful questionnaires were 6 833.Results The mean of total sleep time of 6-14 years in different ethnic group children:The Hasak and Uyghur children total sleep time longer than Han and Hui ethnic children.The prevalence of sleep disorders in different ethnic group in Xinjiang was 33.3%,among which the prevalence of Hasak were 45.85%,Han were 40.78%,Uyghur were 18.42%,Hui children were 28.16%.Different ethnic group main symptom of sleep disorders were different.The factors affecting the mean sleep duration were homework time,weaning time,dinner time,ethnic group,the history of swinging,etc.While high risk factors for sleep disorders were some drugs,ethnic group,frequently catch cold,house area,parent′s sleep disorders,co-sleeping etc.Conclusions In Xinjiang different ethnic groups,children′s mean sleep duration is relatively less and the prevalence of sleep disorders is higher compared with the existing data,it is obvious in Hasak and Han ethnic group,which merits a good attention.