春节期间儿童眼外伤的临床特点及紧急救护

目的:分析春节期间儿童眼外伤的特点,并根据其特点实施紧急救护措施。方法:对1993年至2006年春节期间儿童眼外伤情况进行临床分析。结果:儿童眼外伤占同期眼外伤的58%,89%为男性,24h内住院占70%,60%的患儿因燃放烟花炮竹而受伤,塑料玩具枪子弹射伤占20%,85%的外伤为钝挫伤的穿孔伤,50%的患者须手术治疗。通过迅速及时、正确有效及针对性的施护,全部患儿均无严重并发症,能最大限度地保护眼球和挽救视力。结论:春节期间儿童眼外伤的主要原因是炮竹性眼外伤,玩具枪子弹也是眼外伤的一个重要原因,其临床特点表现为"急"、"重"。护士应沉着冷静、紧张有序、迅速到位、协助医生开展紧急救护工作。

The Features and First-aid Treatment of Children eye Injury during Spring Festival

Objective: To study the features of eye injury during the spring festival,on which the first-aid treatment were carried out.Method:The child eye injuries in the spring festivals from 1993 to 2006 were clinically analyzed.Result :The child eye injury accounted for 58% of the total eye injuries at the same period,including 89% of them were male,70% were hospitalized within 24 hours,60% of the injured children were due to setting off fireworks,20% were due to playing plastic toy gun bullet,85% of eye injuries were blunt or perforating injuries and 50% of the wounded children needed an operation.Prompt and effective treatments can prect the eyeballs and save children's sights.Because of these measures,none of the children suffers severe complications.Conclusion: During the spring Festival,the main causes of the child eye injury are setting off fireworks;and the toy gun bullet injury also play an important role.The clinincal features are"Serious".The nurses should keep cool-headed,intense but orderly,quick and timely to assist the doctor's first-aid treatment.