2000年与2010年青岛市城乡中小学生营养状况分析

[目的]了解青岛市中小学生营养状况的变化,对学生进行营养指导提供科学依据。[方法]2011年9月,对2000年、2010年青岛市学生体质与健康调研资料中中小学生身高、体重检测资料进行分析。[结果]城区男生、城区女生、乡村男生、乡村女生,2000年分别调查891、819、909、948人,体重指数分别为20.33±4.07、19.09±3.59、18.51±3.42、17.91±2.99;2010年分别调查1 373、1 321、1 301、1 281人,体重指数分别为20.55±4.61、19.22±3.75、19.76±3.71、18.76±3.22(P>0.05、P>0.05、P<0.01、P<0.01)。调查对象营养不良率,2000年为6.31%,2010年为5.29%(P<0.05);超重、肥胖率,2000年为17.60%,2010年为26.19%(P<0.01)。[结论]2010年与2000年比较,青岛市城乡中小学生的营养不良率明显下降,超重、肥胖率明显升高。乡村学生超重、肥胖应重点关注。

Analysis on Nutritional Status Among Urban and Rural Primary and High School Students in Qingdao City,2000 and 2010

[Objective]To study the nutritional status and the characteristics of the primary and secondary school students,so as to provide basis for the intervention measures.[Methods]Annual health data of 3 567 and 5 276 students in 2000 and 2010 were collected.The prevalence rates of malnutrition,overweight and obesity were analyzed by using the method of weight-for-height.[Results]The body mass index(BMI) of urban boy students,urban girl students,rural boy students,rural girl students was 20.33±4.07(n=891),19.22±3.75(n=819),18.51±3.42(n=909),17.91±2.99(n=948) in 2000;the BMI of urban boy students,urban girl students,rural boy students,rural girl students was 20.55±4.61(n=1 373),19.22±3.75(n=1 321),19.76 ±3.71(n=1 301),18.76±3.22(n=1 281) in 2010(P>0.05,P>0.05,P<0.01,P<0.01);the prevalence rate of malnutrition was 6.31% in 2000 and 5.29% in 2010,and there was statistical significance(P<0.05);the prevalence rate of overweight and obesity was 17.60% in 2000 and 26.19% in 2010,and there was statistical significance(P<0.01).[Conclusion]Compared by 2000 and 2010 year,the rate of malnutrition decreases greatly,the rate of overweight and obesity rises obviously,and the overweight and obesity of the rural students are the key issues of the prevention measures.