成都市老年卧床病人社会活动缺乏的调查研究

[目的]了解老年卧床病人社会活动状况,明确社会活动与并发症、自理能力和认知的关系。[方法]对成都市5所医院的住院卧床时间大于1个月的151例老年病人进行自理能力、社会活动、认知的调查。[结果]老年卧床病人社会活动缺乏;无人参与社会事务、参加工作、作自愿者的社会活动;较少有人参与旅游、参加宗教服务等活动;主要社会活动为关心或帮助朋友及亲戚,通过电话与邻居、朋友、亲戚交谈,听收音机及看电视等。老年病人持续卧床的时间不同其社会活动有差异;随着卧床时间增长,社会活动减少;老年卧床病人的社会活动增加与日常生活能力障碍(r=-0.604)、并发症增加(r=-0.447)认知能力下降(r=-0.564)呈负相关。[结论]应尽量减少卧床时间,改善其社会活动。

Investigation on lack of social activities of old bedridden patients in Chengdu city

Objective: To know about social activities of old bedridden patients, to identify relations among social activities, complications and self-care ability and cognition of them. Methods: A total of 151 old patients who had hospitalized and were lying in bed for more than 1 month from five hospitals in Chengdu city were investigated on their self-care ability, social activities and cognition. Results: Old bedridden patients were lack of social activities. None of them participated in social activities such as social affairs, work as volunteer. Fewer of them participated in tour and religious services. The main social activities of them were to concern or to help their friends and relatives, talking with neighbors, friends and relatives by phone calling, and listening to the radio and watching to TV. Old patients with different persistent bedridden time have different social activities. As the bedridden time increasing, social activities of them were decreased. There were negative correlation between the increase of social activities of old bedridden patients and the disturbance of daily living ability (r=-0.604), the increase of complications (r=-0.447), and the decrease of cognition ability (r=-0.564). Conclusion: For old bedridden patients, it was necessary to reduce the bedridden time and improve their social activities.