Standardisation of 31phosphorus-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy determinations of high energy phosphates in humans

A procedure is described for standardising the determination of adenosine 5-triphosphate and phosphocreatine concentration ([ATP] and [PC], respectively, in absolute arbitrary units) in human muscle by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The individual ³¹phosphorus (²¹P)-NMR spectra obtained on equal hemispherical tissue volumes (muscle plus skin and fat) were corrected for the thickness of the skin and of the subcutaneous fat. The volumes investigated were standardised using an external reference. The procedure described made possible the comparison of high energy phosphate concentrations among different subjects. It was applied to the assessment of [ATP] and [PC] in four groups of sedentary subjects (children, and adults aged 20–35, 35–50 and over 50 years), and in a group of athletes (volleyball players). The [ATP] and [PC] were not statistically different in the groups investigated.